黑河流域地表过程综合观测网（张掖湿地站自动气象站-2024）

该数据集包含了2024年1月1日至2024年12月31日黑河流域地表过程综合观测网中游张掖湿地站气象要素观测数据。站点位于甘肃省张掖市国家湿地公园，下垫面是芦苇湿地。观测点的经纬度是100.4464E，38.9751N，海拔1460m。空气温度、相对湿度传感器架设在5m、10m处，朝向正北；气压计安装在2m处；翻斗式雨量计安装在10m处；风速传感器架设在5m、10m处，风向传感器架设在10m处，朝向正北；四分量辐射仪安装在6m处，朝向正南；两个红外温度计安装在6m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向下；土壤温度探头埋设在地表0cm和地下2cm、4cm、10cm、20cm、40cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正南方；土壤热流板（3块）依次埋设在地下6cm处；四个光合有效辐射仪分别架设在冠层上方和冠层内，冠层上方安装在6m（探头垂直向上和向下方向各一个）、冠层内安装在0.25m（探头垂直向上和向下方向各一个）高处，朝向正南。
观测项目有：空气温湿度（Ta_5m、RH_5m、Ta_10m、RH_10m）（单位：摄氏度、百分比）、气压（Press）（单位：百帕）、降水量（Rain）（单位：毫米）、风速（WS_5m、WS_10m）（单位：米/秒）、风向（WD_10m）（单位：度）、四分量辐射（DR、UR、DLR_Cor、ULR_Cor、Rn）（单位：瓦/平方米）、地表辐射温度（IRT_1、IRT_2）（单位：摄氏度）、土壤热通量（Gs_1、Gs_2、Gs_3）（单位：瓦/平方米）、土壤温度（Ts_0cm、Ts_2cm、Ts_4cm、Ts_10cm、Ts_20cm、Ts_40cm）（单位：摄氏度）、冠层上向上与向下光合有效辐射（PAR_U_up、PAR_U_down）（单位：微摩尔/平方米秒）和冠层下向上与向下光合有效辐射（PAR_D_up、PAR_D_down）（单位：微摩尔/平方米秒）。
观测数据的处理与质量控制：（1）确保每天144个数据（每10min），若出现数据的缺失，则由-9999标示；（2）剔除有重复记录的时刻；（3）删除了明显超出物理意义或超出仪器量程的数据；（4）数据中以红字标示的部分为有疑问的数据；（5）日期和时间的格式统一，并且日期、时间在同一列。如，时间为：2024-6-10 10:30；（6）命名规则为：AWS+站点名称。
黑河综合观测网或站点信息请参考Liu et al. (2018) 和Liu et al. (2023) 。

This dataset contains meteorological element observation data from the Zhangye Wetland Station in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin Surface Process Comprehensive Observation Network, covering the period from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024.
The station is located at the Zhangye National Wetland Park in Zhangye City, Gansu Province, with a reed wetland underlying surface. The coordinates of the observation point are 100.4464°E, 38.9751°N, and the elevation is 1460 m. Air temperature and relative humidity sensors were installed at heights of 5 m and 10 m, facing due north; a barometer was installed at a height of 2 m; a tipping-bucket rain gauge was installed at 10 m; wind speed sensors were installed at 5 m and 10 m, while the wind direction sensor was installed at 10 m, facing due north; a four-component radiometer was installed at 6 m, facing due south; two infrared thermometers were installed at 6 m, facing due south with their probes pointing vertically downward; soil temperature probes were buried at 0 cm (surface) and 2 cm, 4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm underground, 2 m due south of the meteorological tower; three soil heat flux plates were sequentially buried at 6 cm underground; four photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensors were installed above and within the canopy: two were mounted at 6 m (one probe pointing vertically upward and one downward) above the canopy, and two were mounted at 0.25 m (one probe pointing vertically upward and one downward) within the canopy, all facing due south.

The observation items include: air temperature and humidity (Ta_5m, RH_5m, Ta_10m, RH_10m) (units: degrees Celsius, percent), barometric pressure (Press) (unit: hectopascals), precipitation (Rain) (unit: millimeters), wind speed (WS_5m, WS_10m) (units: meters per second), wind direction (WD_10m) (unit: degrees), four-component radiation (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (units: watts per square meter), surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (units: degrees Celsius), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (units: watts per square meter), soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_2cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm) (units: degrees Celsius), upward and downward photosynthetically active radiation above the canopy (PAR_U_up, PAR_U_down) (units: micromoles per square meter per second), and upward and downward photosynthetically active radiation within the canopy (PAR_D_up, PAR_D_down) (units: micromoles per square meter per second).

Data processing and quality control: (1) Ensure 144 data records per day (one record every 10 minutes). Missing data will be marked with -9999; (2) Remove duplicate records at the same time stamp; (3) Delete data that obviously exceed physical limits or instrument measurement ranges; (4) Data marked in red are considered questionable; (5) Unify the date and time formats, with date and time stored in the same column. Example time format: 2024-6-10 10:30; (6) Naming convention: AWS + station name.

For information about the Heihe River Comprehensive Observation Network or the stations, please refer to Liu et al. (2018) and Liu et al. (2023).

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集为2024年黑河流域张掖湿地站自动气象站的观测数据，包含多种气象要素和土壤参数，数据质量经过严格控制，适用于地表过程研究。