Study of the Impact of Global Warming on the Productivity and Human Comfort of Workers of Farmers' Organizations in the Sahelian Zone of Cameroon

The objective of this work is to characterize the impact of heat wave situations on the productivity and human comfort of workers in peasant organizations in the Cameroonian Sahel zone. The Active Method of Participatory Research and Planning (MPRP) made it possible to collect socio-economic data through a series of 250 questionnaires. With Microsoft Office Excel, R and SPSS software, the descriptive analysis of the data consisted of calculating proportions (percentages, means and standard deviations), and creating graphs and tables. Overall, 3.85±0.83 women/hectare and 6.73±1.18 men/hectare work on a farm in the semi-arid Sahelian zone. In the dry season, a light work intensity of 156 watts induces a need for rest periods each hour in men starting at a WBGT of 30 °C, with a cumulative of 5±0.5 hours of rest during work times. While in women, a light work intensity of 156 watts induces a need for rest periods every hour at a WBGT of 30°C, with a cumulative 4.5±0.1 hours of rest during work times. During the dry season, the metabolic heat generated by physical activity in women in humid areas is 42.33±1.86°C and 42.32±1.17°C in semi-arid areas while in men in humid zones, it is 44.21±0.51°C and 45.69±1.66°C in semi-arid zones. These impacts of heat wave situations on the productivity and human comfort of workers in farmer organizations will provide a tool for managing heat wave risks in the Cameroonian Sahel environment.本研究旨在表征喀麦隆萨赫勒地区农民组织中，热浪情境对劳动者生产效率与人体舒适度的影响。研究借助参与式研究与规划主动方法（Active Method of Participatory Research and Planning，MPRP），通过250份问卷收集社会经济数据。采用Microsoft Office Excel、R及SPSS软件开展数据分析，描述性分析环节包括计算比例（百分比、均值与标准差），并绘制图表与编制统计表格。半干旱萨赫勒地区的农场中，每公顷配属3.85±0.83名女性劳动者与6.73±1.18名男性劳动者。旱季时段，当湿球黑球温度（Wet Bulb Globe Temperature，WBGT）达到30℃时，156瓦的轻体力劳动强度下，男性劳动者每小时需安排休息时段，工作时段内累计休息时长为5±0.5小时；而女性劳动者在同等劳动强度与WBGT条件下，每小时同样需要休息，工作时段内累计休息时长为4.5±0.1小时。旱季期间，湿润地区女性劳动者因体力活动产生的代谢热为42.33±1.86℃，半干旱地区为42.32±1.17℃；男性劳动者在湿润地区的代谢热为44.21±0.51℃，半干旱地区则为45.69±1.66℃。本研究揭示的热浪情境对喀麦隆萨赫勒地区农民组织劳动者生产效率与人体舒适度的影响，将为该区域的热浪风险管理提供实用工具。