Table 5 in A new framework of the evolution of the ctenodactylids (Mammalia: Rodentia) in Asia: new species and phylogenetic status of distylomyins

Table 5. List of synapomorphies of the most relevant nodes of Supporting Information, Fig. S3
Ctenodactilid phylogenyNode ANo synapomorphiesNode B10 to 1At least some cusps crescentic (1)521 to 3Mesoconid morphology of the lower molars: inflated and strong with a vertical groove (3)Node C171 to 2Hypocone nearly equal to the protocone (2)201 to 3Metaloph morphology and connections: short and generally connected labially on the posteroloph (3)562 to 1Ectolophid (= mure) position: more or less lingually moved (1)Node D130 to 1P4 is reduced but with small synclines (1)142 to 3,4On the P4 the anteroloph and posteroloph absent or short and one connection between metacone and protocone (3,4)160 to 1Anterocone reduced or fused in the anteroloph (1)172 to 3Size of the hypocone equal or wider than the protocone (3)181 to 0On the upper molars the sinus is deep (0)191 to 2The sinus of the upper molars is bent forward (2)330 to 1Anteroconid is present (1)354 to 1On the deciduous lower cheek teeth, the metaconid is connected to the metalophulid II and to the protoconid (1)430 to 1The p4 is reduced: rounded, triangular, or quadrate (1)561 to 0The ectolophid is situated in the mid longitudinal axis of the tooth or a little labially (0)Node E131 to 2P4 with vestigial or without synclines (2)161 to 2The anterocone is absent (2)353 to 0On the deciduous lower cheek teeth, the metaconid is connected to the metalophulid II (0)Node F111 to 0On DP4 the posterior syncline is as long as anterior syncline (0)402 to 1Talonid of p4: with hypoconid reduced to a cingulid (1)622 to 0Relative size of molars: m3 ≈ m2 (0)Node G301 to 2Absent posterior syncline (2)310 to 1dp4 without (1) metalophulid II350 to 2On the deciduous lower cheek teeth, the metaconid is connected to the protoconid (2)371 to 0On the deciduous lower cheek teeth, the posterolabial cingulum is absent or weak (0)441 to 0On the p4 the anterior arm of hyponconulid is absent or weak (0)Node H261 to 2M3> M2, and longer than wide (2)Node I272 to 1Three (1) lobes on the M1–M2Node J72 to 3Sciurognathous morphology: strong ventral masseteric crest without horizontal masseteric crest (3)91 to 0Dental pattern: asymmetrical (0)321 to 0Anterior width (from metaconid to protoconid) clearly smaller than posterior width (from entoconid to hypoconid) on the dp4 (0)352 to 5On the deciduous lower cheek teeth, the metaconid is connected to the protoconid and to the anterolophid (5)391 to 0p4 morphology molariform (0)431 to 0p4 proportions: p4 longer than wide (0)481 to 0Absent posterior synclinidNode K421 to 0p4 with distinct hypoflexid (0)630 to 1Lower cheek teeth not increasing in size posteriorly (1)Node L632 to 1m2> m3 (1)Node M622 to 0m3> m2 (2)Node N31 to 2The cement is rough (2)40 to 1Ever-growing cheek teeth (1)190 to 3The sinus is transverse (3)240 to 1The trigon is trapezoidal (1)250 to 1Dentine isthmus is labial (1)302 to 0The posterior syncline is long (0)540 to 2The trigonid is triangular with nearly right angular anterobuccal margin (2)Node O262 to 1M3 equal or shorter than M2 (1)