Dataset#1 Results of archaeo- and ethnozoological study of the settlement of the Late Bronze Age Chernorech'e 2

Dataset contains primary data, bone measurement data and a list of pathologies. The daraset is devoted to the analysis of archaeozoological and ethnosoological materials, which are represented by the settlement of Chernorech'e 2 and modern animal husbandry in the valley of the Uy River. The main period of the settlement's functioning is associated with the Alakul culture of the Late Bronze Age of the Southern Urals (XVII-XV centuries BC). The purpose of the article is to reconstruct animal husbandry based on the analysis of the bones of livestock and data obtained during the study of the river valley adjacent to the monument. Bones from the settlement of Chernorechye 2 were analyzed using standard and generally accepted archaeozoological methods. Analysis of the archaeozoological collection made it possible to reconstruct the cattle-breeding character of the village throughout its existence. The inhabitants of the monument comprehensively exploited cattle, sheep, goats and horses. Paleopathological analysis revealed no basis for reconstructing the working use of bulls and horses. Joint analysis of archaeozoological and ethnozoological data allows us to propose a settled model pof pastoralism as the highest priority for the settlement of Chernorechye 2. The buildings of the settlement were used as a stable for livestock.本数据集包含原始数据、骨骼测量数据以及骨骼病理信息列表。本数据集聚焦考古动物学（archaeozoology）与民族动物学（ethnozoology）相关材料的分析，材料来源为切尔诺列奇耶2号（Chernorech'e 2）聚落遗址，以及乌伊河（Uy River）河谷的现代畜牧业资料。该聚落的主要存续时期，与南乌拉尔地区晚青铜时代的阿拉库勒文化（Alakul culture）相契合，对应公元前17至前15世纪。相关研究的目的为，通过对家畜骨骼以及该遗址周边河谷的调研数据进行分析，复原当地的畜牧业生产模式。研究人员采用学界公认的标准考古动物学分析方法，对切尔诺列奇耶2号遗址出土的骨骼样本开展了分析。对出土骨骼集合体的分析结果显示，该聚落自始至终均以家畜饲养业为核心生产模式。该遗址的先民全面驯养并利用牛、绵羊、山羊与马四类家畜。古病理学分析结果表明，并无证据显示该聚落曾将公牛与马用于劳作役使。结合考古动物学与民族动物学数据的联合分析，研究人员提出，定居型畜牧模式是切尔诺列奇耶2号聚落最主要的生产形态。该聚落的建筑被用作家畜圈舍。