Effects of metal feed additives on the transmission risk of ARGs in swine manure

Swine manure is an anthropogenically affected reservoir for antibiotics, heavy metals, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and its agricultural application can facilitate the transmission of ARGs to the wider environment and clinic. Although the importance of antibiotics in promoting the enrichment and translocation of ARGs in livestock breeding is recognized, the co-selection of ARGs in swine manure by metal feed additives has not been completely revealed. We investigated the effects of metal feed additives on the transmission risk of ARGs in swine manure through feeding experiments.