Understanding Clients, Providers and the Institutional Dimensions of Irrigation Services in Developing Countries: A Study of Water Markets in Bangladesh

This dataset is consists of primary data collected in 2015 from 139 pump owners who provided irrigation services, and from 556 client farm households who purchased their irrigation services. In Bangladesh, the dry season boro rice is the major irrigated crop, although some supplementary irrigation is also provided to the summer/wet season rice aus and aman and other winter crops, such as wheat. As the primary focus of this study is to examine the factors that affect the payment methods and amount of payment for irrigation services, we focus on the dry season boro rice farmers and the irrigation service providers (pump owners) in the completed 2013-14 season. The study focuses on the two prevailing smallholder irrigation systems: surface water using Low-Lift Pumps (LLPs) which prevails in the Barishal division and ground-water extraction using shallow tube wells (STW), which is more common in the northern region (including in our study the Dhaka, Rangpur and Khulna divisions, Figure 2). The sampled pump owners are randomly selected primarily based on the list of the irrigation service providers supplied by the Sub-Assistant Agriculture Officer, the government agriculture extension office. After selecting the pump owner, we requested him to supply us the names of four client farmers who purchased irrigation services in the 2013-14 season. Of 89 pump owners and their 356 clients, farmers were sampled from Barishal division, and a further 50 pump owners and 200 client farmers were sampled from Dhaka, Khulna and Rangpur divisions. The sample thereby covers four divisions, nine districts, 12 sub-districts, 15 unions, and 43 villages. The dataset 07052019all.dta is used for generating the descriptive tables (2-6). The corresponding do file of it is descriptivetables.do The dataset 07052019serviceprovider.dta is a subset generated from 07052019all.dta consists of only the service providers' information to generate the multinomial regression estimation results for Table 7. The corresponding do file of it is: serviceprovider.do. The dataset 07052019clientfarmer.dta is a subset generated from 07052019all.dta consists of only the client farmers' information to generate the multinomial regression estimation results for Table 7. The corresponding do file of it is: farmers.do. This study demonstrates that competition among pump owners, social capital and personal relationships, and economic and agronomic risk perceptions of both pump owners and farmers significantly influence the structure of irrigation service and water pricing method. Greater competition among pump owners increases the likelihood of hourly services and reduces the likelihood of crop-sharing arrangements. Based on these findings, we explore some policy implications for enhancing irrigation services and sustainability in Bangladesh.本数据集包含2015年收集的一手调研数据，调研对象为139名提供灌溉服务的水泵所有者，以及556名购买其灌溉服务的农户。在孟加拉国，旱季博罗水稻是主要的灌溉作物，尽管也会为夏季/雨季的阿乌斯稻、阿曼稻以及小麦等其他冬季作物提供补充灌溉。本研究的核心目标是探究影响灌溉服务付费方式与付费金额的各类因素，因此研究聚焦于2013-2014种植季已完成种植的旱季博罗水稻种植户与灌溉服务提供商（水泵所有者）。 本研究聚焦于两种主流的小农灌溉系统：一是巴里萨尔专区普遍使用的低扬程水泵（Low-Lift Pumps, LLPs）地表水灌溉系统，二是北部地区更为普及的浅层管井（Shallow Tube Wells, STW）地下水抽取灌溉系统——本次研究覆盖的北部区域包括达卡、朗布尔与库尔纳专区，详见图2。 受访水泵所有者主要通过政府农业推广办公室助理农业官员提供的灌溉服务提供商名单随机抽取确定。在选定水泵所有者后，调研人员请求其提供2013-2014季曾购买其灌溉服务的4名农户的姓名。最终从巴里萨尔专区抽取了89名水泵所有者及其356名受访农户，另从达卡、库尔纳与朗布尔专区抽取了50名水泵所有者及其200名受访农户。本次抽样共覆盖4个专区、9个县、12个乡、15个联合行政村与43个自然村。 用于生成表2至表6描述性统计表格的数据集为07052019all.dta，对应的Stata脚本文件为descriptivetables.do。 数据集07052019serviceprovider.dta为07052019all.dta的子集，仅包含灌溉服务提供商的相关信息，用于生成表7的多项回归估计结果，对应的Stata脚本文件为serviceprovider.do。 数据集07052019clientfarmer.dta同样为07052019all.dta的子集，仅包含受访农户的相关信息，用于生成表7的多项回归估计结果，对应的Stata脚本文件为farmers.do。 本研究表明，水泵所有者之间的竞争、社会资本与人际关系，以及水泵所有者与农户双方的经济与农艺风险认知，均会对灌溉服务结构与水定价方式产生显著影响。水泵所有者间的竞争程度越高，采用按小时计费服务模式的可能性就越高，而采用作物分成协议的可能性则越低。基于上述研究发现，本文为提升孟加拉国灌溉服务水平与灌溉系统可持续性提出了若干政策启示。