"Tor Measurement Analysis"

"The security and anonymity guarantees of the Tornetwork are fundamentally linked to its network-layer topology,yet few studies have been grounded in large-scale, empiricalmeasurements of its live operation. This paper presents a datasetand a structural analysis of the live Tor network. We introducea dataset of 88,121 circuits, ethically collected over a four-week period from non-exit relays to capture real-world relayselection patterns. Our analysis provides two key insights intoTor\u2019s structure at the network layer. First, we find a high degreeof role specialization, with very few relays serving in multipleroles (e.g., as both a Middle and Exit node). Second, we providea quantitative measurement of structural centralization, findingthat traffic is moderately concentrated on high-bandwidth relays.By publishing this dataset and its initial findings, we provide acritical resource for the research community and establish anempirical baseline for developing more accurate, data drivenunderstanding of Tor\u2019s security and performance."