WIC Participant and Program Characteristics 2016

Description of the experiment setting: location, influential climatic conditions, controlled conditions (e.g. temperature, light cycle)
In 1986, the Congress enacted Public Laws 99-500 and 99-591, requiring a biennial report on the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). In response to these requirements, FNS developed a prototype system that allowed for the routine acquisition of information on WIC participants from WIC State Agencies. Since 1992, State Agencies have provided electronic copies of these data to FNS on a biennial basis.
FNS and the National WIC Association (formerly National Association of WIC Directors) agreed on a set of data elements for the transfer of information. In addition, FNS established a minimum standard dataset for reporting participation data. For each biennial reporting cycle, each State Agency is required to submit a participant-level dataset containing standardized information on persons enrolled at local agencies for the reference month of April.
The 2016 Participant and Program Characteristics (PC2016) is the thirteenth data submission to be completed using the WIC PC reporting system. In April 2016, there were 90 State agencies: the 50 States, American Samoa, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, the American Virgin Islands, and 34 Indian tribal organizations.
Processing methods and equipment used
Specifications on formats (“Guidance for States Providing Participant Data”) were provided to all State agencies in January 2016. This guide specified 20 minimum dataset (MDS) elements and 11 supplemental dataset (SDS) elements to be reported on each WIC participant. Each State Agency was required to submit all 20 MDS items and any SDS items collected by the State agency.

Study date(s) and duration
The information for each participant was from the participants’ most current WIC certification as of April 2016. Due to management information constraints, Connecticut provided data for a month other than April 2016, specifically August 16 – September 15, 2016.
Study spatial scale (size of replicates and spatial scale of study area)
In April 2016, there were 90 State agencies: the 50 States, American Samoa, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, the American Virgin Islands, and 34 Indian tribal organizations.
Level of true replication
Unknown
Sampling precision (within-replicate sampling or pseudoreplication)
State Agency Data Submissions. PC2016 is a participant dataset consisting of 8,815,472 active records. The records, submitted to USDA by the State Agencies, comprise a census of all WIC enrollees, so there is no sampling involved in the collection of this data.
PII Analytic Datasets. State agency files were combined to create a national census participant file of approximately 8.8 million records. The census dataset contains potentially personally identifiable information (PII) and is therefore not made available to the public.
National Sample Dataset. The public use SAS analytic dataset made available to the public has been constructed from a nationally representative sample drawn from the census of WIC participants, selected by participant category. The nationally representative sample is composed of 60,003 records. The distribution by category is 5,449 pregnant women, 4,661 breastfeeding women, 3,904 postpartum women, 13,999 infants, and 31,990 children.
Level of subsampling (number and repeat or within-replicate sampling)
The proportionate (or self-weighting) sample was drawn by WIC participant category: pregnant women, breastfeeding women, postpartum women, infants, and children. In this type of sample design, each WIC participant has the same probability of selection across all strata. Sampling weights are not needed when the data are analyzed. In a proportionate stratified sample, the largest stratum accounts for the highest percentage of the analytic sample.
Study design (before–after, control–impacts, time series, before–after-control–impacts)
None – Non-experimental
Description of any data manipulation, modeling, or statistical analysis undertaken
Each entry in the dataset contains all MDS and SDS information submitted by the State agency on the sampled WIC participant. In addition, the file contains constructed variables used for analytic purposes. To protect individual privacy, the public use file does not include State agency, local agency, or case identification numbers.
Description of any gaps in the data or other limiting factors
Due to management information constraints, Connecticut provided data for a month other than April 2016, specifically August 16 – September 15, 2016.

Outcome measurement methods and equipment used
None
Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: WIC Participant and Program Characteristics 2016. File Name: wicpc_2016_public.csvResource Description: The 2016 Participant and Program Characteristics (PC2016) is the thirteenth data submission to be completed using the WIC PC reporting system. In April 2016, there were 90 State agencies: the 50 States, American Samoa, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, the American Virgin Islands, and 34 Indian tribal organizations.Resource Software Recommended: SAS, version 9.4,url: https://www.sas.com/en_us/software/sas9.html Resource Title: WIC Participant and Program Characteristics 2016 Codebook. File Name: WICPC2016_PUBLIC_CODEBOOK.xlsxResource Software Recommended: SAS, version 9.4,url: https://www.sas.com/en_us/software/sas9.html Resource Title: WIC Participant and Program Characteristics 2016 - Zip File with SAS, SPSS and STATA data. File Name: WIC_PC_2016_SAS_SPSS_STATA_Files.zipResource Description: WIC Participant and Program Characteristics 2016 - Zip File with SAS, SPSS and STATA data

实验环境设置描述：地理位置、影响深远的气候条件、可控条件（例如温度、光照周期）。1986年，国会颁布了第99-500号和第99-591号公共法案，要求每两年提交一份关于妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养计划（WIC）的报告。为响应这些要求，美国农业部营养服务局（FNS）开发了一个原型系统，该系统允许从WIC州级机构常规获取WIC参与者的信息。自1992年起，州级机构每两年向FNS提供这些数据的电子副本。FNS与国家WIC协会（原国家WIC指导委员会协会）就信息传输的数据元素达成一致。此外，FNS为报告参与数据建立了最低标准数据集。在每个两年报告周期内，每个州级机构必须提交一个包含标准化信息的参与级数据集，这些信息涉及在本地机构注册的人员，以四月为参考月份。2016年参与者和项目特征（PC2016）是使用WIC PC报告系统完成的第13次数据提交。2016年4月，共有90个州级机构：50个州、美属萨摩亚、哥伦比亚特区、关岛、北马里亚纳群岛、波多黎各、美属维尔京群岛以及34个美洲原住民部落组织。数据处理方法和设备规格：所有州级机构于2016年1月收到格式规范（“向州提供参与者数据的指南”）。本指南规定了每个WIC参与者应报告的20个最低数据集（MDS）元素和11个补充数据集（SDS）元素。每个州级机构必须提交所有20个MDS项目以及州级机构收集的任何SDS项目。研究日期和持续时间：每个参与者的信息来自截至2016年4月的最新WIC认证。由于管理信息限制，康涅狄格州提供了除2016年4月以外的月份的数据，具体为2016年8月16日至9月15日。研究空间尺度（重复样本的大小和研究区域的空间尺度）：2016年4月，共有90个州级机构：50个州、美属萨摩亚、哥伦比亚特区、关岛、北马里亚纳群岛、波多黎各、美属维尔京群岛和34个美洲原住民部落组织。真实重复的水平：未知。采样精度（重复样本内的采样或伪重复）：州级机构数据提交。PC2016是一个参与者数据集，由8,815,472条活跃记录组成。这些记录由州级机构提交给美国农业部，构成了所有WIC登记人员的普查，因此在数据收集过程中没有涉及抽样。个人身份信息（PII）分析数据集。州级机构文件合并创建了一个约880万条记录的全国性普查参与者文件。普查数据集包含可能识别个人身份的信息（PII），因此不对公众公开。国家样本数据集。向公众提供的公共使用SAS分析数据集是从WIC参与者普查中抽取的全国代表性样本构建的，按参与者类别进行选择。全国代表性样本由60,003条记录组成。按类别分布为：5,449名孕妇、4,661名哺乳期妇女、3,904名产后妇女、13,999名婴儿和31,990名儿童。子采样的水平（重复或重复样本内的采样次数）：按WIC参与者类别（孕妇、哺乳期妇女、产后妇女、婴儿和儿童）抽取比例（或自加权）样本。在这种样本设计中，每个WIC参与者在所有层中的选择概率相同。在分析数据时不需要采样权重。在比例分层样本中，最大的层占分析样本的最高百分比。研究设计（前后比较、对照-影响、时间序列、前后-对照-影响）：无——非实验性。数据操作、建模或统计分析的描述：数据集中的每条记录都包含州级机构提交给样本WIC参与者的所有MDS和SDS信息。此外，文件还包含用于分析目的的构建变量。为保护个人隐私，公共使用文件不包括州级机构、地方机构或案例识别号码。数据中存在的任何差距或其他限制因素的描述：由于管理信息限制，康涅狄格州提供了除2016年4月以外的月份的数据，具体为2016年8月16日至9月15日。结果测量方法和设备的使用：无。数据集中包含的资源：资源标题：WIC参与者和项目特征2016。文件名：wicpc_2016_public.csv资源描述：2016年参与者和项目特征（PC2016）是使用WIC PC报告系统完成的第13次数据提交。2016年4月，共有90个州级机构：50个州、美属萨摩亚、哥伦比亚特区、关岛、北马里亚纳群岛、波多黎各、美属维尔京群岛和34个美洲原住民部落组织。推荐软件：SAS，版本9.4，url：https://www.sas.com/en_us/software/sas9.html资源标题：WIC参与者和项目特征2016代码簿。文件名：WICPC2016_PUBLIC_CODEBOOK.xlsx推荐软件：SAS，版本9.4，url：https://www.sas.com/en_us/software/sas9.html资源标题：WIC参与者和项目特征2016 - 包含SAS、SPSS和STATA数据的压缩文件。文件名：WIC_PC_2016_SAS_SPSS_STATA_Files.zip资源描述：WIC参与者和项目特征2016 - 包含SAS、SPSS和STATA数据的压缩文件。