Finnish National Election Study 2023

This survey focused on the 2023 parliamentary elections in Finland. Main themes included political participation, political attitudes, party allegiance, candidate and party choice, and voting behaviour. Further topics included citizens' initiative, different ways of having a say in matters, and future prospects of Finland. Swedish-speaking population is over-represented in the data. The data were collected after the elections through three questionnaires, with each respondent answering only one of them. Although the questionnaires focus on different themes, there is also overlap between them. Certain issues - such as voting in the 2023 parliamentary elections, party choice and trust - were asked in each questionnaire. The first questionnaire (quF3875_1) contains Finland's contribution to the international CSES study (module 6). Data collection was funded by the Ministry of Justice. The first questionnaire covered the respondents' interest in politics, attention paid to media coverage of the elections (including social media), satisfaction with the political system, economic situation, party preferences, political value orientations, discussions about politics with others, party identification and whether the respondents felt close to any party. The respondents' opinions on voting, democracy, decision-making and parties were surveyed. Satisfaction with the political system was charted by asking how much the respondent trusts various institutions, such as the president, political parties, parliament, government, the judiciary and the media. They were also asked about the successes of the cabinet led by prime minister Sanna Marin. The respondents' perceptions of their own financial situation and the Finnish economy were also charted. Further questions were asked about voting in the parliamentary elections. The respondents were asked about their opinions on Finnish parties and their chairs. They were also asked to place the parties on the left-right axis. In addition, the respondents placed themselves on the left-right axis and on the liberal-conservative scale. The respondents were asked about the functioning of democracy in Finland and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on, for example, Finland's unity. The second questionnaire charted the respondents' interest in politics, attention paid to media coverage of the elections (including social media), social and political participation, trust, candidate and party choice, political knowledge, and political values and attitudes. The sources from which the respondents got relevant information for their voting choice were examined (e.g. family or friends, newspapers, TV, social media). The respondent's views on issues such as participation in politics and civic competence were surveyed. The respondents specified the forms of their social participation, such as whether they signed any citizens' initiatives or participated in political party or other civic organization activities. They were also asked whether people could be trusted. Non-voters were asked why they had not voted. Those who voted in the elections were asked in more detail which party and which candidate the respondent voted for. Finland's future direction was charted with attitudinal statements concerning, for example, multiculturalism, Christian values, climate change, state regulation and taxation. The third questionnaire covered the respondents' interest in politics, trust, political knowledge, value orientations, political values and attitudes and whether the respondents felt close to any party. The respondents listed the three most important social problems that politicians should address. The respondents' opinions on current political issues such as the security threat from Russia, local agreement on terms and conditions of employment, cuts in public services and forest fellings were surveyd. Background variables included, among others, the respondent's year of birth, gender, education, marital status, trade union membership, political party membership, economic activity and occupational status, employer type, religiosity and religious attendance, mother tongue, type of municipality of residence, gross annual household income, number of people in the household, number of children, country of birth, parents' country of birth (categorised), and electoral district.

本次调查聚焦于2023年芬兰的议会选举。主要议题涵盖政治参与、政治态度、党派忠诚度、候选人及党派选择，以及投票行为。此外，还包括公民动议、参与公共事务的不同途径，以及芬兰的未来展望。数据中瑞典语人口比例偏高。数据收集于选举之后，通过三份问卷进行，每位受访者仅回答其中一份。尽管问卷聚焦于不同主题，但也存在相互重叠之处。某些问题——如2023年议会选举的投票、党派选择及信任度——在每份问卷中均有涉及。第一份问卷（quF3875_1）包含了芬兰对国际CSES研究的贡献（模块6）。数据收集由司法部资助。第一份问卷涵盖了受访者对政治的兴趣、对选举媒体报道（包括社交媒体）的关注度、对政治制度的满意度、经济状况、党派偏好、政治价值取向、与他人就政治进行的讨论、党派认同以及受访者是否对任何党派有亲近感。对受访者关于投票、民主、决策和党派的看法进行了调查。通过询问受访者对总统、政党、议会、政府、司法和媒体的信任程度，绘制了受访者对政治制度的满意度。同时，还询问了关于由总理桑娜·马里宁领导的内阁的成功之处。对受访者自身经济状况及芬兰经济状况的看法也进行了调查。进一步询问了关于议会选举的投票情况。受访者被问及对芬兰政党及其主席的意见，并要求他们在左右翼轴上定位政党。此外，受访者还在左右翼轴和自由保守尺度上定位自己。受访者还被问及芬兰民主的运作情况以及COVID-19大流行对芬兰团结等的影响。第二份问卷记录了受访者对政治的兴趣、对选举媒体报道（包括社交媒体）的关注度、社会政治参与、信任度、候选人及党派选择、政治知识和政治价值观与态度。调查了受访者获取投票选择相关信息来源（如家人或朋友、报纸、电视、社交媒体）。对受访者关于参与政治和公民能力的问题进行了调查。受访者具体说明了他们社会参与的形式，例如是否签署过公民动议或参与政党或其他公民组织的活动。他们还被问及人们是否值得信赖。未投票者被问及未投票的原因。在选举中投票的人被更详细地询问了他们投票给了哪个政党以及哪个候选人。通过关于多元文化主义、基督教价值观、气候变化、国家监管和税收等方面的态度陈述，对芬兰未来的方向进行了调查。第三份问卷涵盖了受访者对政治的兴趣、信任度、政治知识、价值取向、政治价值观与态度以及受访者是否对任何党派有亲近感。受访者列出了政治家应解决的三个最重要的社会问题。对受访者关于当前政治问题，如俄罗斯的安全威胁、关于就业条款和条件的当地协议、公共服务削减和森林砍伐的意见进行了调查。背景变量包括受访者的出生年份、性别、教育程度、婚姻状况、工会会员资格、政党会员资格、经济活动和职业状况、雇主类型、宗教信仰和宗教参与、母语、居住市的类型、毛年收入、家庭人数、子女数量、出生国、父母的出生国（分类）以及选举区等。