O que sabemos sobre os impactos ambientais do turismo nos recifes tropicais do Brasil?

The aim of this work was to systematize and analyze the results of the researches that evaluated the impacts of tourism in Brazil’s tropical reefs, identifying the geographic scope of the studies, as well as the biological groups and ecological variables used for environmental assessment, distinguishing those that have changed in function of tourist use. 81 publications were identified, between 1996 and 2020, with an exponential increase in researches over time. Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte were the states with the largest number of studies on the subject, concentrating 50% of the studies found. Seven biological groups, including fish, algae and invertebrates, were evaluated in reef areas, considering variables such as richness, abundance and density. Most of the investigated variables were altered as a result of tourist activity on the reefs, except for the group of corals. An integrated understanding of the impacts of tourism can contribute to the development of management strategies in reef areas, seeking solutions that consider social, economic and environmental aspects.本研究旨在系统化梳理并分析针对巴西热带珊瑚礁旅游影响的相关研究成果，明确此类研究的地理覆盖范围，梳理环境评估中所采用的生物类群与生态变量，并甄别出随旅游利用程度发生变化的相关指标。本次研究共检索得到1996至2020年间的相关文献81篇，且相关研究数量随时间呈指数级增长态势。伯南布哥州（Pernambuco）与北里奥格兰德州（Rio Grande do Norte）是该主题研究发文量最多的两个地区，汇集了本次检索到的全部研究的50%。研究涵盖鱼类、藻类及无脊椎动物等7个生物类群，针对珊瑚礁区域开展评估，评估变量涵盖物种丰富度、丰度与密度等指标。除珊瑚类群外，绝大多数被评估的生态变量均因珊瑚礁区域的旅游活动发生了显著改变。对旅游影响的系统性认知，可为珊瑚礁区域的管理策略制定提供支撑，助力兼顾社会、经济与环境维度的解决方案落地。