Single-cell analysis reveals the protective role of Tlr4-expressing macrophage induced by Bifidobacterium feeding in lipopolysaccharide and ventilator-induced acute lung injury

Acute lung injury (ALI) caused by sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in sepsis and major contributor of mortality in intensive care unit (ICU). Recent studies have provided evidence supporting the important role of gut and lung microbiota dysbiosis in the pathophysiology of lung disease and promising results of probiotics used for respiratory infections in ICU patients. Here, we explored the benefits of probiotics in the mice ALI model.