16S rRNA sequencing data of Xiangxi black_pigs

This study investigated the intestinal microbiome of the Xiangxi black pig, a conserved Chinese livestock breed, across four critical digestive regions (stomach, ileum, cecum, and colon). Leveraging 16S rRNA sequencing combined with advanced bioinformatic tools, we observed distinct microbial community structures among these anatomical sites. The phylum Firmicutes dominated the overall microbiota, while Bacteroidota exhibited region-specific enrichment. LEfSe analysis revealed unique microbial signatures, including Prevotellaceae in the cecum and Lactobacillales in the gastric tract. Functional annotation highlighted pathways linked to nutrient breakdown, metabolic processes, and cellular regulation. These findings underscore the role of spatially distinct microbial populations in digestive efficiency and host health, providing a foundation for optimizing dietary strategies in swine nutrition.