Chestnut-collared Longspur weighted mean occurrence quartiles

<div style='text-align:Left;'><div><div><p style='margin:0 0 11 0;'><span><span>File-based data for download: </span></span><a href='https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/Reference/Profile/143876' target='_blank' rel='nofollow ugc noopener noreferrer'>https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/Reference/Profile/143876</a></p><p style='text-indent:20; margin:0 0 11 0;'><span><span>Currently, there is an effort to develop conservation strategies for four declining endemic grassland birds of the Great Plains, including Sprague’s Pipit, Chestnut-collared Longspur, Thick-billed Longspur, and Baird’s Sparrow (Somershoe 2018). Multiple density and/or distribution models for the breeding range of these species are available; however, they were developed using different survey data, analytical techniques, landscape scales, resolutions, spatial extents, and temporal representation. Understandably, this has caused confusion for conservation planning efforts.</span></span></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 0;'><span> We utilized existing models to create weighted mean layers of occurrence for these four species. We incorporated models from six sources (Lipsey 2015, Niemuth et al. 2017, Fedy et al. 2018, Fields et al. 2018, Fink et al. 2019, Robinson unpublished). Density models were transformed from a Poisson distribution to a binomial distribution (Royle and Nichols 2003). All models were projected to a common coordinate system with cells aligned. Weighted mean calculations give more weight to a cell values that agrees with the ensemble of cell values at that location, with less weight given the further a cell deviates from the ensemble’s mean (Maestas et al. 2020). Analyses were conducted at the native resolution and extent of constituent models, and all composite metric outputs were calculated using the maximum extent and minimum resolution of the ensemble. </span></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 0;'><span><span></span></span></p><p style='margin:0 0 0 0;'><span><span>Citations</span></span></p><p></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 48;'><span><span>Fedy, B., J. H. Devries, D. W. Howerter, and J. R. Row. 2018. Distribution of priority grassland bird habitats in the Prairie Pothole Region of Canada. Avian Conservation and Ecology 13(1):4.</span></span><span><a href='https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-01143-130104' style='text-decoration:underline;' rel='nofollow ugc'><span><span>https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-01143-130104</span></span></a></span></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 48;'><span><span>Fields S. P., K. W. Barnes, N. D. Niemuth, R. Iovanna, A. J. Ryba, and P. J. Moore. 2018. Developing decision support tools for optimizing retention and placement of Conservation Reserve Program grasslands in the Northern Great Plains for grassland birds. Report prepared for the United States Department of Agriculture Farm Service Agency Reimbursable Fund Agreement 16-IA-MRE CRP TA 5. </span></span><span style='text-decoration:underline;'><span>www.fsa.usda.gov/Assets/USDA-FSA-Public/usdafiles/EPAS/natural-resouces-analysis/Wildlife/pdfs/FSA_Optimizing_CRP_Interim_Report_092917.pdf</span></span></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 48;'><span><span>Fink, D., T. Auer, A. Johnston, V. Ruiz-Gutierrez, W. M. Hochachka, and S. Kelling. 2019. Modeling avian full annual cycle distribution and population trends with citizen science data. Ecological Applications 30:e02056. </span></span><a href='https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2056' style='text-decoration:underline;' rel='nofollow ugc'><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2056</span></span></a><span><span> </span></span></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 48;'><span><span>Lipsey, M. K. S. 2015. Cows and plows: science-based conservation for grassland songbirds in agricultural landscapes. University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA </span></span></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 48;'><span><span>Maestas J., M. Jones, N. Pastick, M. Rigge, B. Wylie, L. Garner, M. Crist, C. Homer, S. Boyte, and B. Witacre. 2020. Annual Herbaceous Cover across Rangelands of the Sagebrush Biome: U.S. Geological Survey data release, </span></span><a href='https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VL3LD5' style='text-decoration:underline;' rel='nofollow ugc'><span><span>https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VL3LD5</span></span></a><span><span>; </span></span><a href='https://chohnz.users.earthengine.app/' style='text-decoration:underline;' rel='nofollow ugc'><span style='text-decoration:underline;'><span>https://chohnz.users.earthengine.app/</span></span></a><span><span>; </span></span><a href='https://rangelands.app/products/annualHerbaceousCoverMethods.pdf' style='text-decoration:underline;' rel='nofollow ugc'><span style='text-decoration:underline;'><span>https://rangelands.app/products/annualHerbaceousCoverMethods.pdf</span></span></a></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 48;'><span><span>Niemuth, N. D., M. E. Estey, S. P. Fields, B. Wangler, A. A. Bishop, P. J. Moore, R. C. Grosse, and A. J. Ryba. 2017. Developing spatial models to guide conservation of grassland birds in the U.S. Northern Great Plains. Condor 119:506-525. </span></span><a href='https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-17-14.1' style='text-decoration:underline;' rel='nofollow ugc'><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-17-14.1</span></span></a></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 48;'><span><span>Royle, J. A., and J. D. Nichols. 2003. Estimating abundance from repeated presence-absence data or point counts. Ecology 84:777-790. </span></span><a href='https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084%5b0777:EAFRPA%5d2.0.CO;2' style='text-decoration:underline;' rel='nofollow ugc'><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[0777:EAFRPA]2.0.CO;2</span></span></a></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 48;'><span><span>Somershoe, S. G. (editor). 2018. A Full Annual-Cycle Conservation Strategy for Sprague’s Pipit, Chestnut-collared and McCown’s Longspurs, and Baird’s Sparrow. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C.</span></span></p><p style='margin:0 0 11 0;'><span><span></span></span></p><p><span></span></p><p><span></span></p><p><span></span></p></div></div></div>