Distinct skin microbiome modulation following different topical acne treatments in mild acne vulgaris patients

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the impact of topical retinoic acid 0.025% cream (VAA), benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel (BP) and a cream gel containing Aqua Posae Filiformis, lipohydroxy acid, salicylic acid, linoleic acid, niacinamide, piroctone olamine and a ceramide (APF) on the diversity of skin microbiota in mild acne participants.