An Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers Based Distributed Planning Model for Natural Gas Network, Electricity Network and Regional Integrated Energy Systems

Regional integrated energy system coupling with multi-energy devices, energy storage devices and renewable energy devices has been regarded as one of the most promising solutions for future energy systems. Existing natural gas network and electricity networks expansion planning, regional integrated energy systems siting planning, interior equipment’s type and capacity planning are urgent problems in practical industrial establishments. This paper proposed a joint planning model to address above problems firstly; however, joint planning model misleads the ownerships of three agents which investment decisions are generally made by different investors. Furthermore, the joint planning model is decomposed into three planning sub-problems related to corresponding stakeholders, and the alternating direction method of multipliers is adopted to solve the tripartite distributed planning problem. The effectiveness of the planning model is verified on an updated version of IEEE 24-bus electric system, Belgian 20-node natural gas system, and three assumed integrated energy systems. Simulation results illustrated that distributed planning model is more sensitive to individual load differences, which is precisely the defect of the joint planning model. Moreover, the algorithm performance considering convergence errors, rates of convergence and the impacts of penalty parameters are further analyzed.耦合多能设备、储能设备与可再生能源设备的区域综合能源系统，已被视为未来能源系统最具前景的解决方案之一。当前实际工业落地场景中，天然气管网与电网扩容规划、区域综合能源系统选址规划，以及系统内部设备选型与容量规划均为亟待解决的关键问题。本文首先提出了一种联合规划模型以解决上述问题，但该联合规划模型未厘清三方主体的权属关系——实际投资决策通常由不同投资者分别作出。进一步地，本文将联合规划模型拆解为与对应利益相关方绑定的三类规划子问题，并采用交替方向乘子法（Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers）求解该三方分布式规划问题。本文在改进版IEEE 24节点电力系统、比利时20节点天然气管网系统，以及三个预设综合能源系统上验证了所提规划模型的有效性。仿真结果表明，分布式规划模型对各负荷差异更为敏感，而这恰恰是联合规划模型的缺陷所在。此外，本文还进一步分析了收敛误差、收敛速率以及惩罚参数对算法性能的影响。