Improving hydrogen and vivianite synchronous recovery from waste activated sludge: Role of sacrificial iron anode in double-anode electro-fermentation system

Electro-fermentation (EF) has become a promising technology for both energy and resource recovery from waste activated sludge (WAS), while the low energy/resource recovery caused by the limited extracellular electron transfer further restricts its implementation. This study investigated the feasibility and the mechanism on the intermittent power supply of iron-carbon double-anode microbial electrolysis cell (Fe-C-MEC) on synchronous recovery of hydrogen and vivianite from WAS.