Table 1 in Bayesian and parsimony phylogeny of Augochlora bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) based on morphology: insights for their biogeography and natural history

Table 1.. Nesting substrate and social behavior of Augochlora Smith species.
SpeciesNesting substrateSocial behaviorReferencesA. (A.) alexanderi Engel, 2003wood-Wcislo et al. (2003)A. (A.) cydippe (Schrottky, 1910)wood-Lepeco and Gonçalves (2020a)A. (A.) daphnis Smith, 1853woodPrimitively eusocialDalmazzo and Roig-Alsina (2012, 2018b); Lepeco and Gonçalves (2018)A. (A.) esox (Vachal, 1911)wood/hummus-Zillikens et al. (2001); unpublished dataA. (A.) hallinani Michener, 1954woodSolitary?*Eickwort and Eickwort (1973)A. (A.) isthmii Schwarz, 1934woodPrimitively eusocialWcislo et al. (2003)A. (A.) mulleri Cockerell, 1900wood-Sakagami and Moure (1967)A. (A.) phoemonoe (Schrottky, 1909)woodPrimitively eusocialDalmazzo and Roig-Alsina (2018a)A. (A.) pura (Say, 1837)wood**SolitaryStockhammer (1966)A. (A.) sidaefoliae Cockerell, 1913woodSolitary?Eickwort and Eickwort (1973)A. (A.) smaragdina Friese, 1916woodSolitary?Eickwort and Eickwort (1973)A. (A.) thusnelda (Schrottky, 1909)wood-Lepeco and Gonçalves (2020a)A. (O.) cordiaefloris Cockerell, 1907soilPrimitively eusocialEickwort and Eickwort (1972)A. (O.) iphigenia Holmberg, 1886soilPrimitively eusocialMichener and Lange (1958); Sakagami and Moure (1965)A. (O.) morrae Strand, 1910soilPrimitively eusocial?Michener and Lange (1958)A. (O.) nominata Michener, 1954soilPrimitively eusocialEickwort and Eickwort (1972)* Some species were studied based on a few nests and/or localities and conclusions are based on behavioral clues rather than on observation of the entire life cycles, making it difficult to determine if sociality is actually absent or occasionally not observed. ** Augochlora pura was induced to nest in soil under laboratory conditions by Barrows (1973).