The immune system allows animals to survive the constant attacks of pathogens. Even though it is essential for survival and fitness, the performance of the immune system can decline with age -a proces
1. Temperature affects nearly all aspects of the physiology of ectotherms, including their ability to mount an immune response. Typically, the ectothermic vertebrate immune system can respond over a w
Ten healthy participants performed four experimental trials in a randomized order (2 h exercise in the heat twice, and 28 h fluid restriction twice). Pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry a
Like most ectothermic vertebrates, keelback snakes (Tropidonophis mairii) do not exhibit parental care. Thus, offspring must possess an immune system capable of dealing with challenges such as pathoge
