Harvest of transboundary gray wolves from Yellowstone National Park is largely additive

Large carnivores are globally threatened due to habitat fragmentation and loss, prey depletion, and human exploitation. Human exploitation includes both legal and illegal hunting and trapping. Protected areas can create refugia from hunting and trapping, however, hunting can still threaten wide-ranging large carnivores when they leave these areas. Large carnivore reintroductions to protected areas are often motivated to restore ecological processes, including wolf reintroduction to Yellowstone National Park (YNP). Determining if harvest is compensatory or additive is essential for informed conservation strategies, as it influences the overall impact on wolf populations and their ecosystems. If the harvest was compensatory, then increasing harvest pressure outside YNP should not decrease overall survival for transboundary wolves. Alternatively, if increasing harvest was additive, then increasing harvest pressure outside YNP should decrease overall survival for transboundary wolves. We te..., , , # Harvest of Transboundary Gray Wolves from Yellowstone National Park is Largely Additive

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.x3ffbg7tc](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.x3ffbg7tc)

These data are the files needed to reproduce results in Cassidy et al. (2024), including survival modeling and cumulative incidence function results.

## Description of the data and file structure

Biological Year: biological year starting on September 1 and ending on August 31 of the following year

Wolf Count: the number of Yellowstone National Park resident wolves on December 31

Wolf ID: unique wolf ID number

Color: coat color of wolf, only black or gray

Date: date of capture, GPS location, VHF visual location, or mortality

Mortality Cause: cause of mortality (details of mortality causes can be found in the manuscript)

Entry Type: type of entry (Capture = capture of wolf, GPS = location from GPS collar [one random per day], Mortality = death of wolf, VHF = location from VHF signal with visual confirmation ...