Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (pXRF) at Trapiche Itapalluni, Peru

This data was collected in 2018 from the historic silver refinery of Trapiche Itapalluni near Puno, Peru (1650-1800 CE). It has been published in the Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports (DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102568) and Advances in Archaeological Practice. The data was collected from a Olympus Delta Premium (model DP-6000-C) portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer. The output is listed in parts per million (ppm). We conducted a surface soil survey of our site to detect levels of heavy metals in soils. The results of our analysis identified hazardous levels of antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) in excavation soils, necessitating the relocation of planned excavation units. We also identified the use of the patio process with mercury at our site. This study highlights the advantages of rapid, in situ pXRF analysis of surface soils in contaminated industrial archaeology sites to assess potential harm to human health, as well as to examine past metallurgical activities. We applied factor correction to some values in our analysis (not all the elements needed factor correction). In our data here, we include the final, corrected results. We also provide checks of subsamples analyzed by WD-XRF.本数据集采集于2018年，源自秘鲁普诺（Puno）附近的特拉皮切·伊塔帕卢尼（Trapiche Itapalluni）历史银精炼厂遗址，该遗址年代为公元1650年至1800年。相关研究成果已发表于《考古科学杂志：报告》（Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports，DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102568）及《考古实践进展》（Advances in Archaeological Practice）。 本数据集采用奥林巴斯（Olympus）Delta Premium（型号DP-6000-C）便携式X射线荧光光谱仪（portable X-ray fluorescence，简称pXRF）采集，数据单位为百万分比（parts per million，ppm）。 我们对该遗址开展了表层土壤调查，以检测土壤中的重金属含量。分析结果显示，发掘区域土壤中锑（Sb）、砷（As）、汞（Hg）及铅（Pb）达到有害浓度，因此不得不调整原计划布设的发掘单元。此外，我们还在该遗址确认了汞齐工艺（patio process）的使用。本研究凸显了针对受污染工业考古遗址开展快速原位（in situ）pXRF土壤分析的优势，既可评估其对人体健康的潜在危害，也可用于考察古代冶金活动。 我们在分析过程中对部分数值进行了因子校正（并非所有元素均需进行因子校正）。本数据集收录了经校正后的最终结果，同时还提供了经波长色散X射线荧光光谱仪（WD-XRF）分析的子样本检测校验数据。