Selective engagement of prefrontal VIP neurons in reversal learning

To gain insights into neural mechanisms enabling behavioral adaptations to complex and multidimensional environmental dynamics, we examined roles of VIP neurons in mouse medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in probabilistic reversal learning. Behaviorally, manipulating VIP neuronal activity left probabilistic classical conditioning unaffected but severely impaired reversal learning. Physiologically, conditioned cue-associated VIP neuronal responses changed abruptly after encountering an unexpected reward. They also conveyed strong reward prediction error signals during behavioral reversal, but not before or after, unlike pyramidal neurons which consistently conveyed error signals throughout all phases. Furthermore, the signal’s persistence across trials correlated with reversal learning duration. These results suggest that mPFC VIP neurons play crucial roles in rapid reversal learning, but not in incremental cue-outcome association learning, by monitoring significant deviations from ongoing ..., , , # Selective engagement of prefrontal VIP neurons in reversal learning

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pk0p2ngzs](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pk0p2ngzs)

## Description of the data and file structure

These Matlab (.mat) files include behavioral results, calcium imaging results, and behavioral event alignment information mat files and file name sets (in a cell) for the ease of the analysis. I recommend to have all the data in a folder named *data_VIP_CC*.

#### Files: fig1C\_example\_CNO\_session.mat, fig1C\_example\_DMSO\_session.mat, fig1D\_example\_CNO\_session.mat, fig1D\_exmaple\_DMSO\_session.mat, fig2B\_example\_DMSO\_session.mat

#### Description

Representative behavioral sessions used for fig1C, D, and 2B, respectively.

#### File content

A behavior session data includes following variables:

| Variable name | Description | Dimension |
| :----------------- | :--------------------------...,