Inlaying laser-synthesized metastable bismuth nanocrystals on reduced graphene oxide by chemical bonding for robust lithium storage

This dataset is based on the study of Bi@rGO (bismuth nanocrystals anchored on reduced graphene oxide) composites, primarily synthesized via a solvothermal method for battery performance investigation. During the experimental process, graphene oxide was used as a support material, and metastable bismuth nanocrystals were prepared through laser irradiation. Subsequently, the Bi@rGO composite was obtained by slow dripping and continuous stirring. The structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the material were characterized using instruments such as a laser source, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X‑ray diffractometer (XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and an electrochemical workstation.The dataset mainly comprises morphological images of the material (e.g., SEM and TEM micrographs), crystal structure information (XRD patterns), loading amount of Bi nanocrystals (TGA data), and electrochemical performance test results (such as charge/discharge profiles, long‑term cycling curves, and cyclic voltammetry curves). Image data are labeled in sequences (e.g., (a), (b)), with some images including scale markers (e.g., 200 nm, 5 µm). Electrochemical data are provided with indications such as current density (e.g., 100 mA g-1) and cycle number. Systematic numerical tables, including the number of records, row and column labels, and units of measurement, are not explicitly presented; part of the content is provided as schematic diagrams or labeled indices. Calculated results are also included in the dataset.