A phylogeny of the aquatic moth subfamily Acentropinae (Crambidae)

Acentropinae are the largest group of moths with at least one life stage that lives underwater. We sequenced 360 loci for 21 genera of Acentropinae, and generated a molecular phylogeny that provides strong support for the monophyly of Acentropinae and of some previously defined family-group clades (the terrestrial clade, the flowing water clade, and the Aulacodes clade). Our study provides a foundation for future research on the ecology and evolution of aquatic Lepidoptera.