Assessment of the Quality of Life and Resilience in Ventilated Patients with COVID-19: Findings One year After Hospital Discharge

Assessment of the Quality of Life and Resilience in Ventilated Patients with COVID-19: Findings One year After Hospital Discharge

This dataset was collected in a prospective cohort study to evaluate the quality of life and resilience of patients managed with invasive mechanical ventilation due to severe COVID-19, one year after hospital discharge.

Methodology

Design

A prospective cohort study was conducted, and the present study received approval from the Ethics Committee of Universidad del Rosario (DVO005-1957- CV1534). Informed consent was obtained from each patient or their legal caregiver, which was given via telephone.

Patients/Population

Data were collected from patients who received MV support for respiratory failure secondary to critical illness due to COVID-19. The study included consecutively patients discharged alive from the Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi located in the city of Bogota, Colombia from March 19, 2020, to April 30, 2021. Patients who passed away after discharge, those with whom telephone communication was not feasible, individuals with cognitive impairment preventing them from responding to the survey without obtaining information from a caregiver, and those who declined to participate in the study (as indicated by the patient and/or caregiver) were excluded from the final analysis.

Intervention/Measurement

Participants were administered a structured questionnaire that included three scales: PCFS (Post-COVID-19 functional Status Scale), EQ-5D-3L (EuroQol 5 dimensions 3 levels) (administered via telephone application), and CD-RISC (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale). Permission for the non-commercial use of the EQ-5D-3L scale was obtained from the EuroQol Customer Portal (Registration No. 55265).

Statistical Analysis

The general characteristics of the population and the results of the PCFS, EQ-5D-3L, and CD-RISC were described. Continuous variables were presented as mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR) depending on the data distribution. Categorical variables were described using absolute and relative frequencies.

The PCFS was reported using a grading system ranging from Grade 0, indicating patients who were able to resume their daily activities without limitations, to Grade 4, representing severe functional limitations.

The five dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L were considered as numerical variables and scored as follows: 1 for no alteration, 2 for moderate alteration, and 3 for severe alteration. The total score was computed by summing the scores from each dimension, ranging from 5 (indicating optimal quality of life) to 15 (indicating severely compromised quality of life). To assess the usefulness of the PCFS in measuring QoL, Pearson correlations were performed between the total score of the EQ-5D-3L and each individual dimension with the PCFS score.

The CD-RISC and its 25 dimensions were evaluated as well. Each dimension was treated as a numerical variable and scored as follows: 0 for no alteration, 1 for mild alteration, 2 for moderate alteration, 3 for severe alteration, and 4 for critical alteration. The total CD-RISC score ranged from 0 (indicating no resilience) to 100 (indicating the best possible resilience). Furthermore, it was hypothesized that patients with higher resilience, as measured by the CD-RISC scale, would have better quality of life (QoL). Pearson correlations were examined between the PCFS score and the total CD-RISC score.