Repeatability of Macular and Optic Nerve Head Measurements by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Healthy Children

Aims: To evaluate the repeatability of the peripapillary and macular vascular parameters using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in healthy children. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study including 34 eyes of 34 healthy children. After a complete medical examination, two consecutive OCT-A exams were done using AngioPlex Cirrus 5000 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA) in the same session. The scan area used was 6 × 6 mm for the analysis of the superficial vascular plexus (SVP) in the macula, and 4.5 × 4.5 mm for the peripapillary plexus. To study the repeatability of the measurements, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of variation (CV) of each pair of exams were calculated. Results: The mean age of the children included was 10.77 ± 2.49 years (range 6 to 15 years). Good and excellent ICCs were obtained for all the parameters considered. Peripapillary vascular parameters showed greater reproducibility than macular ones (global peripapillary perfusion density (pPD): ICC = 0.834 CV = 0.89% vs. whole macular area PD (w-mPD): ICC = 0.697 CV = 3.49%; global peripapillary flux index (FI): ICC = 0.858 CV = 1.28%; whole macular area vascular density (VD): ICC = 0.699 CV = 3.30%). Amongst the macular parameters, the characteristics of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were the ones showing higher rates of repeatability (FAZ circularity: ICC = 0.858 CV = 8.83%). Conclusion: OCT-A is a non-invasive, time-efficient technology that may be useful in the evaluation of the retinal and peripapillary vascular network in healthy children. The repeatability of the measures will allow the follow-up and evaluation of any change occurring in the macular or optic nerve perfusion.