Ongoing India-Eurasia collision predominantly driven by Sumatra-Java slab pull

Continued India-Eurasia convergence since the early Paleogene has led to the formation of the Tibetan Plateau. Yet the primary driving mechanisms of this protracted convergence remain debated. Here we provide the holistic quantification of various driving forces to this convergence using high-resolution, plate-boundary-resolving global convection models. We present six comparison models. The first grouping of models, comprising Models 1 through 3, is designed to examine the role of plate-boundary forces at the India-Tibet collision zone. With Model 1 being the reference model, Models 2 and 3 examine the plate-boundary force at the India-Tibet collision zone by varying the weak zone factor and the Indian slab structure. The second grouping of models includes Models 1 and 4, focusing on the role of plate-boundary forces at the Sumatra-Java boundary. The third grouping, consisting of Models 1, 5, and 6, explores the effects of basal drag beneath the Indo-Australian plate. For each model, w..., , # Data from: Ongoing India-Eurasia collision predominantly driven by Sumatra-Java slab pull

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.d7wm37qd4](10.5061/dryad.d7wm37qd4)

## Description of the data and file structure

The experimental work involved collecting data from high-resolution global convection models to study the ongoing India-Eurasia convergence, which has led to the formation of the Tibetan Plateau. These models integrated observational constraints to quantify various driving forces behind this convergence.

### Files and variables

#### File: Model1.zip

**Description:** Model 1 is the best-fitting model that reproduces the surface plate observations, including plate motions and plate deformation patterns. The results of Model 1 represent the driving mechanisms behind the India-Eurasia convergence in the real Earth.

Model1.zip contains five folders, each named to represent data at a specific depth. Within each folder, there are three CSV files corresponding to that depth:

1. CSV files ...,