INCOME INEQUALITY, PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME TRANSFERS IN CONTEMPORARY BRAZIL

ABSTRACT The action of the State, through public job mobilization and transfers of income, constituted an important element to understand the inequality of income in Brazil. At the same time recent researches verify the end of the trajectory of the inequality reduction of income registered in the 2000s, we realized the rise of fiscal austerity policies which objectify to dehydrate the acting fields of the State. Mapping and analysis of public employment (Federal, State, and Municipality) and of the Direct Income Transfers (Rural Retirement, Benefit of Continuing Provision and Bolsa Família Program) help in the comprehension of the decisive actions of the State for the income generation and distribution.