Perception of the built environment, habitual behaviors, cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents: a study using latent class analysis.

The built environment of a neighborhood may be associated with the practice of physical activity, reduced sedentary behavior (SB), and several health benefits. It was aimed to evaluate the association between perception of the built environment (BE) and measures of habitual behavior, cardiometabolic risk factors, and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents. Study was conducted with 309 students aged 14 to 16 years. BE characteristics were evaluated by Neighborhood Walkability Scale for Youth. Habitual behaviors were assessed by accelerometry. Cell phone use and sedentary time (TST) were assessed using questionnaires. Cardiometabolic risk factors were measured by anthropometry and blood collection, and cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed. Latent class analysis was used to identify BE classes. Association tests were performed between the generated classes and the other outcomes. The latent classes identified were: Class 1, “Best BE”; Class 2, “Moderate BE”; Class 3, “Worst BE”. Adolescents with ‘high SB’ and ‘high TST’ were respectively 1.33 and 1.40 more likely to belong to the class 3 than the class 1. Adolescents with “high triglycerides” had 3.99 times more chance to belong to the class 3 than the class 1. The results highlight the influence of neighborhood BE classes on SB, TST, and triglycerides in adolescents社区建成环境（built environment, BE）或与青少年的体力活动参与、久坐行为（sedentary behavior, SB）减少及多项健康获益存在关联。本研究旨在探讨青少年感知到的建成环境与日常行为指标、心血管代谢危险因素及心肺适能之间的关联。本研究共纳入309名14至16岁的学生作为研究对象，采用青少年社区步行可达性量表（Neighborhood Walkability Scale for Youth）评估建成环境特征；日常行为通过加速度计法进行测评；手机使用情况与久坐时间（TST）采用问卷开展评估；心血管代谢危险因素通过人体测量学检测与血液样本采集进行评估，心肺适能则采用相应方法进行测评。本研究采用潜类别分析（latent class analysis）识别建成环境类别，并通过关联分析探究所获环境类别与其余研究结局间的关联。本次研究共识别出三类建成环境：类别1为“最优建成环境”，类别2为“中等建成环境”，类别3为“最差建成环境”。与类别1的青少年相比，久坐行为偏高（高SB）与久坐时长较长（高TST）的青少年归属至类别3的概率分别为其1.33倍、1.40倍；甘油三酯水平偏高的青少年归属至类别3的概率为类别1青少年的3.99倍。本研究结果凸显了社区建成环境类别对青少年久坐行为、久坐时长及甘油三酯水平的影响。