Unlocking Enzyme Potential: A Versatile Pathway for Nanocellulose Synthesis through Enzymatic Hydrolysis

The enzyme-hydrolysis of Acalypha hispida leaves for nanocellulose synthesis is a promising but underexplored method, known for its biocompatibility, eco-friendliness, and excellent physical and biochemical properties. This study used xylanase; an enzyme produced by an indigenous strain of Bacillus pumilus isolated from a compost sample. The strain was identified through 16S rRNA sequencing, and its xylanolytic activity was confirmed by clear hydrolysis zones on xylan agar. Xylanase was purified, yielding a molecular weight of 45 kDa, and then used to produce enzyme-hydrolyzed nanocellulose (EHNC). The EHNC showed particle sizes between 15 and 40 nm and a zeta potential of -22.3 mV. The process is efficient, with minimal enzyme and short incubation times, making it a sustainable and cost-effective method for producing nanocellulose with potential applications in advanced materials.