Hazard ratios (95% CIs) for all cause mortality by tinned fruit consumption.

EPIC, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.a All multivariable models adjusted for the following factors at baseline: sex, age (as underlying time variable), alcohol intake (four categories), physical activity level (four categories from low to high), prior diabetes (yes or no), smoking status (never, former or current in EPIC-Norfolk and Whitehall II; for EPIC-Oxford current smoking was divided into light or heavy smoker with the latter defined as ≥15 cigarettes smoked per day), body mass index (continuous for EPIC-Norfolk and Whitehall II and divided into five categories for EPIC-Oxford: 2), socio-economic status (education level in four categories for EPIC-Norfolk and EPIC-Oxford, and employment grade in three categories for Whitehall II), energy intake (total energy intake for EPIC-Norfolk and EPIC-Oxford, and ratio of reported energy intake to estimated energy expenditure for Whitehall II). In addition, EPIC-Norfolk adjusted for antihypertensive drug use (yes or no), lipid lowering drug use (yes or no), family history of heart attack (yes or no), and family history of cancer (yes or no); EPIC-Oxford adjusted for long-term medical treatment (yes or no), parental history of heart attack or cancer (yes or no), and stratified hazard ratios by method of recruitment (general practice or post); and Whitehall II adjusted for antihypertensive drug use (yes or no), lipid lowering drug use (yes or no), ethnicity (white, south asian, black, other), and diet pattern (healthy, sweet, Mediterranean-like, unhealthy).b Pooled results were obtained in a random-effects meta-analysis of the log of the adjusted hazard ratios from individual cohorts.c Between-study heterogeneity measured by I2 for the pooled multivariable adjusted hazard ratios were: 28.6% for one to three servings per month, 0% for one serving per week, 0% for two or more servings per week, and 0.2% for one serving per week increase.Hazard ratios (95% CIs) for all cause mortality by tinned fruit consumption.