Model redox scenarios for growth on malate (top) and acetate (bottom) with H2 and CO2 production or consumption resulting in biomass of the formula C4H7.07O2.04N0.63.

Whether H2 and CO2 are produced or consumed determines whether the oxidative (green) direction or the reductive (blue) direction is taken in the dissipative cell cycles of Fig 1. In the third column, negative values indicate consumption of malate/acetate or CO2 and positive values indicate production. Redox Condition refers to the net oxidation or reductive environment the cell is in due to available growth substrate and electron donors (e.g. H2) relative to biomass carbon oxidation state.