<i>Gomphocantharellus</i>, a new genus of Gomphales

The genus <i>Gomphocantharellus</i> and species <i>Gomphocantharellus cylindrosporus</i> are proposed as new based on morphological assessments and molecular phylogenetic evidence inferred from nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial (mt) adenosine triphosphate (ATPase) subunit 6 (<i>atp6</i>) and mt small subunit rDNA (mtSSU). Basidiomes of <i>G. cylindrosporus</i> are characterized by the peach to pinkish orange color, cantharelloid habit with a gill-like hymenophore with obtuse edges, smooth and cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores, and cylindrical to narrowly clavate flexuous pleurocystidia. The species resembles a species of <i>Cantharellus</i> but differs from the latter by the cylindrical basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses confirm the placement of <i>Gomphocantharellus</i> as an independent lineage within the order Gomphales.