Effect of ETEC H10407 infection and Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 probiotic intervention on the gut microbiota in the M-SHIME in vitro model

The effects of ETEC H10407 infection and the probiotic intervention Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 were explored on the composition and functionality of the gut microbial community derived from six individuals in the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME) in vitro model. The microbial communities of the six fecal donors, reproducing the luminal and mucosal niches of the ileum and ascending colon were evaluated over the course of 20 days fermentation. A stabilization period of 7 days was applied in the M-SHIME. Two conditions were tested : (i) The effect of the pre- and post-infection of ETEC H10407: the pre-infection period started from day 7 to 12. The system was challenged at day 13 in the SHIME ileum by inoculation of 10 log10 ETEC CFU, followed by a post-infectious period from day 14 to 20; (ii) the effect of the probiotic treatment on ETEC infection: 7.5 log10 CFU mL-1 of S. cerevisiae was introduced twice a day in the M-SHIME from day 2 to 20.