Simple Random Sample of all birth certificates in Mexico 2010-2023

Background: C-section rates in Mexico have risen dramatically over the past decade, reaching 55% by 2023. While life-saving when medically indicated, excessive use may alter the natural timing of childbirth and shift population-level birth outcomes. Objectives: To examine trends in gestational age, birth weight, and birth length from 2010 to 2023, and evaluate their association with mode of delivery. Design: Population-based trend analysis using national birth certificate data. Methods: We analyzed a 1-in-1,000 random sample of birth certificates from Mexico’s national registry (n = 27,320) for 2010–2023.