Femoral cortical bone radiogrammetry data in a Portuguese reference skeletal collection

Radiogrammetric parameters of the femur were assessed in an adult sample (N=98) from the Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collection (Portugal). Anteroposterior radiographs of the midshaft area of the left femur of each individual were taken using a mammogram film with an exposure time of mAseg 80-50,exposure of Kv 30-35 and focal distance of 1.0 m. Maximum length of the femur, as defined by Martin and Saller (1957), was determined. Measurements of diaphysis total width (DTW) and medullary width (MW) were taken following a standardized guide. Radiogrammetry was used to establish cortical index (FEMCI) in the femoral mid-shaft. Diaphysis total width (DTW) and femoral cortical index (FEMCI) are significantly higher in males, while medullary width (MW) is not statistically different between sexes. The evaluation of femoral cortical bone reveals sex-specific trajectories of endosteal bone loss and periosteal apposition, stemming from sexual differences in the rate and pattern of bone loss, and in bone size. In females, endocortical bone loss rises with age, particularly in peri- and postmenopausal years, decelerating later in life. Concomitantly, accretion of bone in the subperiosteal surface persists throughout adulthood — partially offsetting bone fragility in women. Strength in the femoral mid-diaphysis appears to be preserved throughout most of the life course in both sexes.本研究对来自葡萄牙科英布拉已知骨骼标本库（Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collection）的成年样本（N=98）评估了股骨的放射影像测量参数。所有个体的左侧股骨骨干中段区域的前后位X线片（anteroposterior radiographs）采用乳腺X线摄影胶片拍摄，曝光参数为80~50毫安秒（mA·s）、管电压30~35千伏（kV），焦片距为1.0米。本研究确定了马丁与萨勒（Martin and Saller，1957）所定义的股骨最大长度。参照标准化操作指南，测量了骨干总宽度（diaphysis total width, DTW）与髓腔宽度（medullary width, MW）。采用放射影像测量法（radiogrammetry）计算了股骨中段的骨皮质指数（femoral cortical index, FEMCI）。 骨干总宽度与骨皮质指数在男性群体中显著高于女性，而髓腔宽度在两性间无统计学差异。对股骨皮质骨的评估揭示了骨内膜骨丢失（endosteal bone loss）与骨膜骨沉积（periosteal apposition）的性别特异性轨迹，该差异源于两性在骨丢失速率与模式以及骨尺寸上的性别差异。在女性群体中，骨皮质内膜骨丢失（endocortical bone loss）随年龄增长而加剧，尤其在围绝经期与绝经后阶段尤为明显，晚年该过程逐渐减缓。与此同时，骨膜下表面的骨积聚贯穿整个成年期，可部分抵消女性的骨脆性（bone fragility）。两性的股骨中段骨干强度在人生大部分阶段均得以保留。