EPiC database - Water-based paint

This material is part of the free Environmental Performance in Construction (EPiC) Database. The EPiC Database contains embodied environmental flow coefficients for 250+ construction materials using a comprehensive hybrid life cycle inventory approach.Paint is used to protect surfaces from moisture, UV and wear. It can protective coating for timber, metals, plastics and plaster products. There are two main types of paint: water-based paint (including waterborne acrylics, and acrylic latex paints) and solvent-based paint (also known as alkyd or oil-based enamel paints).Paint is produced by combining resin, solvents, pigment, and additives. Resins are used to bind together the ingredients. For water-based paint these include: poly vinyl acetate, butyl methacrylate and methyl. Solvents such as water and mineral turpentine are used to dilute and thin the paint. Pigments are added to create colour and sheen, and can include calcium carbonate, talc, oxides and mica amongst others. Other additives are included to reduce drying time and give the paint particular properties. Water-based paints have several advantages over oil-based alternatives. They are excellent for external applications, and have high tolerance to UV. They have a low odour, are easy to clean, and are less hazardous to dispose of. They also have better flexibility, dry faster, and are generally more environmentally friendly due to the low amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are commonly found in solvent-based paints. Paints with high levels of VOCs are toxic to the environment, have a harsh odour and can be dangerous to inhale.

本资料隶属于开放获取的环境性能在建筑领域（Environmental Performance in Construction，简称EPiC）数据库。该数据库收录了超过250种建筑材料的环境负荷流动系数，采用了全面综合的混合生命周期清单方法。油漆被广泛应用于保护表面免受水分、紫外线和磨损的侵害。它可作为木材、金属、塑料和石膏产品的保护涂层。油漆主要分为两大类：水基油漆（包括水性丙烯酸和丙烯酸乳胶漆）和溶剂基油漆（亦称醇酸或油基磁漆）。油漆的生产过程涉及将树脂、溶剂、颜料和添加剂进行混合。树脂用于将成分粘合在一起。在水基油漆中，这些成分包括：聚乙烯醇、丁基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基。溶剂如水和矿物松节油用于稀释和降低油漆的粘度。颜料被添加以产生色彩和光泽，其中包括碳酸钙、滑石粉、氧化物和云母等。此外，还包括其他添加剂以缩短干燥时间并赋予油漆特定的性能。水基油漆相较于油基油漆具有多方面的优势。它们非常适合外部应用，并对紫外线具有高耐受性。水基油漆气味低，易于清洁，且对环境的危害性较小，易于处理。此外，它们具有更好的柔韧性，干燥速度更快，并且由于挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）含量较低，通常认为更加环保，而挥发性有机化合物在溶剂基油漆中较为常见。VOCs含量较高的油漆对环境有害，气味刺鼻，吸入可能对人体造成危险。