Documenting occupant models for building performance simulation: a state-of-the-art

The number of occupancy and occupant behaviour models developed for building performance simulation (BPS) has steadily increased for the past four decades. However, their use is still limited in practice. This is partly due to the difficulty in understanding their utility and to the challenges related to their implementation into BPS. Both problems can be attributed to the lack of a framework for their description and communication. In this paper, we fill this gap by introducing a framework to document occupant models, that represents the state-of-the-art of available information on the topic. The framework consists of four blocks (description, development, evaluation, and implementation) and can also be regarded as a guideline to help researchers communicate their models transparently. Based on a systematic review, we verify to which degree existing academic papers on occupant models meet the framework, thus providing a self-critical assessment of the state-of-the-art of occupant models’ documentation.近四十年来，面向建筑性能模拟（Building Performance Simulation, BPS）的占用模型与居住者行为模型开发数量稳步增长。然而，此类模型在实际工程应用中的普及率仍较为有限。究其缘由，一方面在于使用者难以清晰理解其应用价值，另一方面则是将模型集成至建筑性能模拟流程中存在诸多技术挑战。上述两类问题的核心根源在于：目前尚未形成一套用于模型描述与学术交流的标准化框架。 本研究填补了这一研究空白，提出了一套用于记录居住者模型（occupant models）的标准化框架，该框架全面涵盖了当前该领域已公开的前沿研究信息。该框架包含四大模块：模型描述、开发历程、性能评估与实施落地，同时也可作为帮助研究人员透明化展示其研究模型的指南。 基于系统性文献综述，本研究验证了现有居住者模型相关学术论文对该框架的契合程度，借此完成对当前居住者模型文档化现状的批判性自我评估。