Past and future shifts in marine species distributions across two South American Large Marine Ecosystems

This dataset contains species-specific occurrence data and habitat suitability projections for nine marine species used in the associated study. Data are organized within a Species folder containing nine subfolders, each named according to the corresponding scientific name using the format Genus_species. Dataset structure Each species folder contains: 1. Occurrence dataset Species_occurrences.csv: CSV file containing the occurrence records used for species distribution modelling, including presence and pseudo-absence data. The file includes geographic coordinates, occurrence status, and environmental predictors used for model calibration and evaluation. The following variables are included: Long: longitude Lat: latitude Year: year of the record occurrence: occurrence status (presence = 1, pseudo-absence = 0) species: scientific name of the species location: sampling location date: observation date BAT: bathymetry (m) NPP: net primary productivity SAL: sea surface salinity SST: sea surface temperature All occurrence datasets share the same column structure and variable definitions. 2. Maps folder Contains GeoTIFF raster files (.tif) representing the median predicted habitat suitability under different temporal periods and climate scenarios: MH_median.tif: Median habitat suitability probability during the Middle Holocene period (approximately 6,000–5,500 years BP). hist_median.tif: Median habitat suitability probability during the historical period (1850–2014). ssp585_median.tif: Median habitat suitability probability under the SSP5–8.5 future climate scenario for the period 2089–2099. Data format Occurrence data are provided as CSV files. Habitat suitability maps are provided as GeoTIFF raster files (.tif). Raster values represent predicted habitat suitability probabilities ranging from 0 (least suitable habitat) to 1 (most suitable habitat). All raster files for a given species share the same spatial extent, resolution, and coordinate reference system. Species included The dataset contains information for nine marine species, each stored in a separate folder named according to its scientific name. Intended use These data were generated to assess past, present, and future changes in species distributions and habitat suitability, enabling comparisons across temporal periods and climate scenarios. The dataset is intended to facilitate the reproducibility, transparency, and reuse of the analyses presented in the associated publication.