Enterprise Survey 2013 - Czech Republic

Abstract
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This survey was conducted in Czech Republic between January 2013 and April 2014 as part of the fifth round of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS V), a joint initiative of the World Bank Group and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The objective of the survey is to obtain feedback from enterprises on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries.

Data from 254 establishments was analyzed. Stratified random sampling was used to select the surveyed businesses.

The survey topics include firm characteristics, information about sales and suppliers, competition, infrastructure services, judiciary and law enforcement collaboration, security, government policies, laws and regulations, financing, overall business environment, bribery, capacity utilization, performance and investment activities, and workforce composition.

In 2011, the innovation module was added to the standard set of Enterprise Surveys questionnaires to examine in detail how introduction of new products and practices influence firms' performance and management.

Geographic coverage
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National

Analysis unit
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The primary sampling unit of the study is an establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe
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The whole population, or universe of the study, is the non-agricultural economy. It comprises: all manufacturing sectors according to the group classification of ISIC Revision 3.1: (group D), construction sector (group F), services sector (groups G and H), and transport, storage, and communications sector (group I). Note that this definition excludes the following sectors: financial intermediation (group J), real estate and renting activities (group K, except sub-sector 72, IT, which was added to the population under study), and all public or utilities-sectors.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The sample was selected using stratified random sampling. Three levels of stratification were used in this country: industry, establishment size, and region.

Industry stratification was designed in the way that follows: the universe was stratified into one manufacturing industry, and two service industries (retail, and other services).

Size stratification was defined following the standardized definition for the rollout: small (5 to 19 employees), medium (20 to 99 employees), and large (more than 99 employees). For stratification purposes, the number of employees was defined on the basis of reported permanent full-time workers. This seems to be an appropriate definition of the labor force since seasonal/casual/part-time employment is not common practice, apart from the construction and agriculture sectors which are not included in the survey.

Regional stratification was defined in 8 regions (city and the surrounding business area) throughout Czech Republic.

The sample frame was from Albertina Company Monitor, a source for business data in Czech Republic and Slovak Republic.

Given the impact that non-eligible units included in the sample universe may have on the results, adjustments may be needed when computing the appropriate weights for individual observations. The percentage of confirmed non-eligible units as a proportion of the total number of sampled establishments contacted for the survey was 2.0 % (44 out of 2,180 establishments).

In the dataset, the variables a2 (sampling region), a6a (sampling establishment's size), and a4a (sampling sector) contain the establishment's classification into the strata chosen for each country using information from the sample frame. Variable a4a is coded using ISIC Rev 3.1 codes for the chosen industries for stratification. These codes include most manufacturing industries (15 to 37), retail (52), and (45, 50, 51, 55, 60-64, 72) for other services.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Three different versions of the questionnaire were used. The basic questionnaire, the Core Module, includes all common questions asked to all establishments from all sectors. The second expanded variation, the Manufacturing Questionnaire, is built upon the Core Module and adds some specific questions relevant to manufacturing sectors. The third expanded variation, the Retail Questionnaire, is also built upon the Core Module and adds to the core specific questions.

The innovation module was added to the standard set of Enterprise Surveys questionnaires to examine how introduction of new products and practices influence firms' performance and management.

Cleaning operations
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Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments.

Response rate
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Survey non-response must be differentiated from item non-response. The former refers to refusals to participate in the survey altogether, while the latter refers to the refusals to answer some specific questions. Enterprise Surveys suffer from both problems and different strategies were used to address these issues.

Item non-response was addressed by two strategies:
a- For sensitive questions that may generate negative reactions from the respondent, such as corruption or tax evasion, enumerators were instructed to collect the refusal to respond as a different option from don’t know.
b- Establishments with incomplete information were re-contacted in order to complete this information, whenever necessary.

Survey non-response was addressed by maximizing efforts to contact establishments that were initially selected for interview. Attempts were made to contact the establishment for interview at different times/days of the week before a replacement establishment (with similar strata characteristics) was suggested for interview. Survey non-response did occur but substitutions were made in order to potentially achieve strata-specific goals.

The number of realized interviews per contacted establishment was 0.09. This number is the result of two factors: explicit refusals to participate in the survey, as reflected by the rate of rejection (which includes rejections of the screener and the main survey) and the quality of the sample frame, as represented by the presence of ineligible units. The number of rejections per contact was 0.60.

摘要
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本调查于2013年1月至2014年4月在捷克共和国进行，作为世界银行集团与欧洲复兴开发银行联合发起的第五轮《商业环境与企业绩效调查》（BEEPS V）的一部分。调查的目的是收集企业对私营部门状况的反馈，并协助构建企业数据面板，以便能够追踪随着时间的推移商业环境的变化，从而实现例如对改革影响的评估。通过访谈制造业和服务业的企业，本调查评估了私营部门增长的限制，并创建了具有统计学意义的、跨国家可比较的商业环境指标。
数据来自254个机构。采用分层随机抽样法选择了调查的企业。
调查主题包括企业特征、销售和供应商信息、竞争、基础设施服务、司法和法律执行合作、安全、政府政策、法律法规、融资、整体商业环境、贿赂、产能利用率、绩效和投资活动，以及劳动力构成。
2011年，创新模块被添加到标准的企业调查问卷中，以详细研究新产品和实践的引入如何影响企业的绩效和管理。
地理覆盖范围
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全国
分析单元
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本研究的主要抽样单元为机构。机构是指开展业务和工业运营或提供服务的地方。一家公司可能由一个或多个机构组成。例如，一家啤酒厂可能有几个灌装厂和几个分销机构。在本调查中，机构必须能够独立做出财务决策，并拥有与公司分开的独立财务报表。机构还必须拥有自己的管理和对其薪酬的控制。
总体
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研究的总体，即研究范围，是非农业经济。它包括：根据ISIC修订版3.1的分组分类的所有制造业部门（D组）、建筑业部门（F组）、服务业部门（G组和H组），以及运输、仓储和通信部门（I组）。请注意，此定义不包括以下部门：金融中介（J组）、房地产和租赁活动（K组，除72个子部门IT外，IT被纳入研究总体），以及所有公共或公用事业部门。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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样本采用分层随机抽样法选取。在本国使用了三个分层级别：行业、机构规模和地区。
行业分层的设计如下：总体被分层为一家制造业行业和两家服务业行业（零售和其他服务）。
规模分层根据推广的标准化定义定义：小型（5至19名员工）、中型（20至99名员工）和大型（超过99名员工）。为了分层的目的，员工的数量根据报告的永久全职员工数量定义。这似乎是对劳动力的一种适当定义，因为除了不包括在本调查中的建筑和农业部门外，季节性/临时/兼职就业并不常见。
地区分层在捷克共和国的8个地区（城市及其周边商业区域）定义。
样本框架来自Albertina Company Monitor，这是捷克共和国和斯洛伐克共和国的商业数据来源。
鉴于样本总体中包含的非合格单位可能对结果产生的影响，在计算个别观察值的适当权重时可能需要进行调整。确认的非合格单位占调查接触到的总机构数的比例为2.0%（44个机构中的2,180个）。
在数据集中，变量a2（抽样地区）、a6a（抽样机构的规模）和a4a（抽样行业）包含机构按每个国家选择的分层进行分类的信息。变量a4a使用ISIC Rev 3.1代码对选择的行业进行编码。这些代码包括大多数制造业行业（15至37）、零售（52）以及其他服务（45、50、51、55、60-64、72）。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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使用了三种不同的问卷版本。基本问卷，核心模块，包括对所有来自所有部门的机构提出的问题。第二个扩展版本，制造业问卷，建立在核心模块之上，并增加了一些与制造业部门相关的特定问题。第三个扩展版本，零售问卷，也是建立在核心模块之上，并增加了核心的特定问题。
创新模块被添加到标准的企业调查问卷中，以研究新产品和实践的引入如何影响企业的绩效和管理。
数据清理操作
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数据录入和质量控制由承包商实施，数据以批量（通常是10%、50%和100%）的形式交付给世界银行。这些数据交付将进行逻辑一致性、超出范围值、跳过模式和重复条目的检查。问题由世界银行标记并由实施承包商通过数据检查、回调和回访机构进行纠正。
响应率
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必须将调查的不响应与项目的不响应区分开来。前者指的是完全拒绝参与调查，而后者指的是拒绝回答一些特定问题。企业调查同时受到这两个问题的困扰，并采用了不同的策略来解决这些问题。
针对项目不响应采取了两种策略：
a- 对于可能引发受访者负面反应的敏感问题，例如腐败或逃税，调查员被指示将拒绝回答作为不同于不知道的另一种选项收集。
b- 对于信息不完整的企业，在必要时将重新联系以完成这些信息。
针对调查不响应的策略是通过最大程度地努力联系最初被选中进行访谈的机构。在建议替换机构（具有类似分层特征的机构）进行访谈之前，将尝试在不同时间/星期几联系机构进行访谈。调查不响应确实发生了，但进行了替换，以可能实现分层特定的目标。
每个联系到的机构的实际访谈数量为0.09。这个数字是两个因素的结果：明确的拒绝参与调查，如拒绝率所反映的（包括筛选器和主要调查的拒绝），以及样本框架的质量，如不合格单位的存在所代表。每个联系单位的拒绝数量为0.60。