Figure S1 - Associative Learning during Early Adulthood Enhances Later Memory Retention in Honeybees

Discrimination Index after early odor exposure. Discrimination index (DI) was calculated for four conditioning trials in the proboscis extension response (PER) assay for each single bee. The indexes were quantified in 17-day-old bees that were exposed to a single odor as volatile in the rearing environment during different age periods (1–4; 5–8; 9–12 days of age and control bees). LIO as the rewarded odor (CS+) and PHE as the non-rewarded odor (CS) were used in the differential conditioning when LIO (a) or PHE (b) were early exposed. PHE as the rewarded odor (CS+) and LIO as the non-rewarded odor (CS-) were used in the differential PER conditioning when LIO (c) or PHE (d) were early exposed. Number of subjects is indicated at the bottom of each bar. No statistical differences were detected (see in text for details).
(1.93 MB EPS)