Railway network of Galicia and Austrian Silesia 1847 - 1914

The dataset presents the historical railway network of Galicia and Austrian Silesia – two regions of the Habsburg Empire, covering more than 80 000 km2, currently divided among Czechia, Poland and Ukraine. The network covers the times of railway appearance and the most dynamic development of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, up to 1914 – the outbreak of the First World War. The data can be characterized by unprecedented positional accuracy, as they were reconstructed based on the current railway network, which resulted in almost no shifts in space. Most of the lines were reconstructed based on OpenStreetMap data, and the lines, which were closed-down between 1914 and 2019, and are no longer available in spatial datasets, were reconstructed based on high-resolution satellite imageries and historical maps. Altogether, the network covers more than 5000 km on 127 lines. The data are accompanied by a set of attributes, i.e. year of construction, length, starting and final point, type (normal, narrow-gauge, etc.). It can be used in many different applications including historical accessibility mapping, migrations, economic development, the impact of past human activities on current environmental and socio-economic processes, like land use change drivers, landscape fragmentation, invasion of new species and many more. Data are available for download in the shp format.

Please note: Our work was focused on publicly accessible railway lines open for regular passenger traffic and hence did not contain the sidings constructed locally, e.g. to serve industrial sites or narrow gauge forest lines.

Acknowledgments
This research was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Republic of Poland under the frame of “National Programme for the Development of Humanities” 2015–2020, as a part of the GASID project (Galicia and Austrian Silesia Interactive Database 1857–1910, 1aH 15 0324 83).

该数据集展示了加利亚和奥地利西里西亚的历史铁路网络——哈布斯堡帝国两大区域，覆盖超过80,000平方公里，目前分别属于捷克共和国、波兰和乌克兰。该网络涵盖了铁路出现时期以及19世纪末至20世纪初最为活跃的发展阶段，直至1914年——第一次世界大战的爆发。数据以空前的位置精度为特点，它们是基于当前的铁路网络重建的，从而在空间上几乎没有发生位移。大部分线路的重建基于OpenStreetMap数据，而那些在1914年至2019年间关闭且在空间数据集中不再可用的线路，则是基于高分辨率卫星影像和历史地图重建的。总体而言，该网络覆盖了127条线路，总长度超过5000公里。数据附带一系列属性，例如建设年份、长度、起点和终点、类型（标准轨、窄轨等）。这些数据可用于众多不同的应用，包括历史可达性地图绘制、人口迁移、经济发展，以及过去人类活动对当前环境和社会经济过程的影响，如土地利用变化驱动因素、景观破碎化、新物种入侵等。数据以shp格式可供下载。

请注意：我们的研究集中于公开可用的、对常规客运开放的铁路线，因此不包括为当地工业场地或窄轨森林线路服务的侧线，例如。