Characteristics of included randomized controlled trials.

I: intensity; F: frequency; T: time of each walking bout; PRE; perceived rate of exertion; VO2max, maximal oxygen consumption; METs, metabolic equivalents.#Age was represented as mean (SD), or mean if SD was not provided, or imputed with a mean.§Characteristics of walking training described did not include warm-up or cool-down periods unless indicated.$Duration meant length of walking intervention in this meta-analysis.*The same study which included 2 different walking groups: “a” was a continuous walking training group; “b” was an energy expenditure–matched interval-walking training group.**The same study which included 2 different walking groups: “a” was a continuous walking training group; “b” was a total oxygen consumption-matched interval-walking training group.Characteristics of included randomized controlled trials.