Transcriptomic analysis of critically ill COVID-19 patients and other patients with AHRF in the ICU

To identify differences in immune pathology among severe COVID-19 patients, we analyzed whole blood transcriptomes from individuals with COVID-19-induced acute hypoxic respiratory failure) AHRF, those with other viral and non-viral-induced AHRF, and controls, who were patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) on mechanical ventilation but without evidence of AHRF. As a result, we identified gene signatures that differentiated COVID-19 patients from other cohorts and characterized 2 groups of COVID-19 patients with conserved and differential enrichment of immune cell and pathway gene signatures.