A dataset of annual maximum vegetation indices at a 30-meter resolution for the Yangtze River Delta region from 1984 to 2023

This study, based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, utilizes Landsat series satellite products to generate a dataset of the annual maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), and Kernel Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (kNDVI) at a 30-meter resolution for the Yangtze River Delta region of China from 1984 to 2023. This dataset can reflect the regional vegetation growth conditions and long-term temporal change characteristics. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data, linear interpolation and the Savitzky-Golay filter are employed to smooth the bands, effectively removing noise in the spectral domain. The stable long-term image product MODIS13Q1 was employed to verify the occurrence dates of the maximum values of the three vegetation indices, enhancing the readability and usability of the data. The construction of this dataset provides robust data support for the spatiotemporal evolution of vegetation coverage and related research in the Yangtze River Delta region. The dataset consists of three vegetation index datasets, hence, there are three folders named csj_ndvi, csj_evi, and csj_kndvi. Each folder contains three subfolders named nolisg_ + ndvi/evi/kndvi + _csj (original data), lisg_ + ndvi/evi/kndvi + _csj (data processed by linear interpolation and SG filtering, referred to as processed data), and qa_ + ndvi/evi/kndvi + _csj (quality assessment). Within each subfolder, spatial distribution data of annual maximum vegetation indices from 1984 to 2023 are included, with data format in *.tif.