Dataset for Spatiotemporal trade-offs and synergies among environmental footprints of grain crop production in China

Dataset for Spatiotemporal trade-offs and synergies among environmental footprints of grain crop production in ChinaThis dataset contains the calculated environmental footprints (EFs), socioeconomic driving factors, and calculation coefficients for four major grain crops (Maize, Rice, Soybean, Wheat) in China from 2000 to 2018. The data supports the analysis of spatiotemporal trade-offs and synergies among water (blue/green), land, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus footprints.## File Structure and DescriptionThe dataset consists of four main categories of files (originally in Excel format, converted to CSVs for accessibility).### 1. Total Environmental Footprints**File Name:** `Total Environment Footprints.xls` (or associated CSVs: `maize.csv`, `rice.csv`, `soybean.csv`, `wheat.csv`)**Description:** Contains the total annual environmental footprint values for each province and year.**Variables:*** **Rows:** Provinces (31 provinces in China) / Years (2000-2018)* **Columns/Indicators:*** `TBWF`: Total Blue Water Footprint (Unit: m³)* `TGWF`: Total Green Water Footprint (Unit: m³)* `TCF`: Total Carbon Footprint (Unit: kg CO2e)* `TNF`: Total Nitrogen Footprint (Unit: kg N)* `TPF`: Total Phosphorus Footprint (Unit: kg P)* `TLF`: Total Land Footprint (Unit: gha)### 2. Unit Environmental Footprints**File Name:** `Unit Environment Footprints.xls` (or associated CSVs: `maize.csv`, `rice.csv`, `soybean.csv`, `wheat.csv`)**Description:** Contains the environmental footprint per unit of crop mass (per kg) for each province and year.**Variables:*** **Rows:** Provinces / Years* **Columns/Indicators:*** `UBWF`: Unit Blue Water Footprint (Unit: m³/kg)* `UGWF`: Unit Green Water Footprint (Unit: m³/kg)* `UCF`: Unit Carbon Footprint (Unit: kg CO2e/kg)* `UNF`: Unit Nitrogen Footprint (Unit: kg N/kg)* `UPF`: Unit Phosphorus Footprint (Unit: kg P/kg)* `ULF`: Unit Land Footprint (Unit: gha/kg)### 3. Socioeconomic Driving Factors**File Name:** `Driving factors.xls` (contains multiple sheets/CSVs)**Description:** Panel data of socioeconomic indicators used in the STIRPAT model to analyze drivers of trade-offs/synergies.**Files/Sheets:*** `Driving factors.xls - GDP.csv`: Per capita Gross Domestic Product (Unit: RMB/person)* `Driving factors.xls - CPI.csv`: Consumer Price Index (Unit: %)* `Driving factors.xls - APV.csv`: Gross value of agricultural production (Unit: Billion RMB)* `Driving factors.xls - UR.csv`: Urbanization Rate (Unit: %)* `Driving factors.xls - AWI.csv`: Agricultural Water Use Intensity (Unit: m³/1000 ha)* `Driving factors.xls - LUI.csv`: Land Use Intensity (Unit: ha)* *Note: Other factors included in analysis: Engel Coefficient (Engel), Agricultural Population (Apop).*### 4. Calculation Coefficients**File Name:** `EF_Coefficients.xls` (contains multiple sheets/CSVs)**Description:** Coefficients used for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and footprint calculations.**Files/Sheets:*** `blue water footprint.csv`: Irrigation requirements and regional factors.* `GHG emission.csv`: Emission factors for agricultural inputs (fertilizer, diesel, electricity, etc.) (Unit: kg CO2e/unit input).* `Nr emission.csv`: Nitrogen emission factors (volatilization, leaching) (Unit: kg N/kg input).* `Phosphorus emission.csv`: Phosphorus runoff/leaching coefficients (Unit: kg P/kg input).* `Land coefficients.csv`: Additional parameters (e.g., Land footprint coefficients, Cropland equivalent factor).## Methodological Notes1. **System Boundary:** The study covers the crop production from sowing to harvest (cradle-to-farm gate). It includes direct on-site impacts and indirect impacts from the production of agricultural inputs.2. **Data Sources:*** Crop yield and area: *China Statistical Yearbook*.* Agricultural inputs (machinery, fertilizer, etc.): *National Compilation of Agricultural Costs and Returns*.* Water withdrawal: *China Water Resources Bulletin*.* Coefficients: Derived from IPCC (2014), Ecoinvent database, and specific literature cited in the manuscript.3. **Abbreviations:*** BWF: Blue Water Footprint* GWF: Green Water Footprint* CF: Carbon Footprint* NF: Nitrogen Footprint* PF: Phosphorus Footprint* LF: Land Footprint## Software and Usage* The data files are provided in `.xls` (Excel) or `.csv` (Comma Separated Values) format.* They can be opened with Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets, or any text editor.* Data analysis was performed using R (packages: `GWR`, `FactoMineR` for PCA) and Python (for AquaCrop modeling).## LicenseThis dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).