A permafrost thermal type map on the Tibetan Plateau (2000-2010)

The past frozen soil map of the Tibetan Plateau was based on a small number of temperature station observations and used a classification system based on continuity. This data set used the geographically weighted regression model (GWR) to synthesize MODIS surface temperature, leaf area index, snow cover ratio and multimodel soil moisture forecast products of the National Meteorological Information Center through spatiotemporal reconstruction. In addition, precipitation observations of more than 40 meteorological stations, the precipitation products of FY2 satellite observations and the multiyear average temperature observation data of 152 meteorological stations from 2000 to 2010 were integrated to simulate the average temperature data of the Tibetan Plateau, and the permafrost thermal condition classification system was used to classify permafrost into several types: Very cold, Cold, Cool, Warm, Very warm, and Likely thawing. The map shows that, after deducting lakes and glaciers, the total area of permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau is approximately 1,071,900 square kilometers. Verification shows that this map has higher accuracy. It can provide support for future planning and design of frozen soil projects and environmental management.

藏北高原过去的冻土分布图基于少数气温站观测数据，并采用基于连续性的分类体系。本数据集采用地理加权回归模型（GWR）通过时空重构，综合了国家气象信息中心的MODIS地表温度、叶面积指数、积雪覆盖比以及多模型土壤湿度预报产品。此外，整合了超过40个气象站的降水量观测、风云2号卫星观测的降水量产品，以及2000年至2010年间152个气象站的多年平均温度观测数据，以模拟藏北高原的平均温度数据。运用永久冻土热状况分类体系，将永久冻土划分为数种类型：极寒、寒冷、凉爽、温暖、极暖及可能融化。该图在扣除湖泊和冰川后，显示藏北高原的永久冻土总面积约为1,071,900平方公里。验证表明，该图具有较高的精确度，可为未来冻土工程规划与环境管理的布局提供有力支撑。