Data from: Latent developmental and evolutionary shapes embedded within the grapevine leaf

Across plants, leaves exhibit profound diversity in shape. As a single
leaf expands, its shape is in constant flux. Plants may also produce
leaves with different shapes at successive nodes. In addition, leaf shape
varies among individuals, populations and species as a result of
evolutionary processes and environmental influences. Because leaf shape
can vary in many different ways, theoretically, the effects of distinct
developmental and evolutionary processes are separable, even within the
shape of a single leaf. Here, we measured the shapes of
> 3200 leaves representing > 270 vines
from wild relatives of domesticated grape (Vitis spp.) to
determine whether leaf shapes attributable to genetics and development are
separable from each other. We isolated latent shapes (multivariate
signatures that vary independently from each other) embedded within the
overall shape of leaves. These latent shapes can predict developmental
stages independent from species identity and vice versa. Shapes predictive
of development were then used to stage leaves from 1200 varieties of
domesticated grape (Vitis vinifera ), revealing that changes in
timing underlie leaf shape diversity. Our results indicate that distinct
latent shapes combine to produce a composite morphology in leaves, and
that developmental and evolutionary contributions to shape vary
independently from each other.