Nordic Red dairy cows ruminal and fecal bacteria

Four multiparous Nordic Red dairy cows in mid-lactation received diets as total mixed rations (TMR) comprised of grass silage containing either high (65:35 FC) or low (35:65 FC) proportion of forage supplemented with 0 (HF and LF, respectively) or 5% rapeseed oil in diet DM (HFO and LFO, respectively). Diet effect was evaluated on enteric as well as fecal methane production. Fecal gas production was estimated during in vitro manure incubation trials. Bacterial community of ruminal and fecal samples was evaluated by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.