Differences in mean verbal IQ score at age 4 according to OME/HL group (up to 4 years).

aA negative coefficient indicates that IQ is lower in the OME/HL group compared to the unaffected reference group.
bAdjusted for maternal education level, housing tenure, parental social class, maternal age, parity, smoking during 1st 3 months of pregnancy, smoking last 2 weeks of pregnancy, birthweight, gestational age, sex of child.
cAdjusted for maternal education level, housing tenure, parental social class, maternal age, parity, smoking during 1st 3 months of pregnancy, smoking last 2 weeks of pregnancy, birthweight, gestational age, sex of child, HOME and parenting scores.
dp-value for testing the effect of each OME/HL group vs the reference unaffected group.
ep-value for linear trend in effect size across groups.