A novel Ribociclib derivative, YW-LF, exerts anti-breast cancer effects by activating the p53 pathway.

Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy among women worldwide. Although ribociclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, has demonstrated significant antitumor activity in breast cancer therapy, its clinical application is limited by hematological toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and patient tolerance. In this study, we synthesized a novel ribociclib derivative, YW-LF, and systematically evaluated its antitumor activity and underlying mechanisms. Through a series of in vitro assays—including MTT, colony formation, EdU incorporation, transwell migration, and invasion experiments—as well as in vivo evaluation using a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, we demonstrated that YW-LF significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while effectively suppressing tumor growth and angiogenesis. Compared to the positive control ribociclib, YW-LF exhibited superior antitumor efficacy. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that YW-LF suppressed tumor progression by activating the p53 signaling pathway and apoptosis-related pathways. Western blot analysis further validated the dysregulation of key proteins, providing protein-level evidence for its mechanism of action. Additionally, machine learning-based bioinformatics analysis identified three core genes (ADRB1, ATOH8, and CCNE2) with potential clinical significance in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Immune infiltration analysis highlighted the strong correlation of these genes with specific immune cell subsets within the tumor microenvironment, underscoring their critical roles in modulating breast cancer immunobiology. Collectively, this study elucidates the therapeutic potential of YW-LF, a ribociclib derivative, in breast cancer treatment and delineates its multifaceted mechanisms, offering a promising strategy to overcome the limitations of current CDK4/6 inhibitors. In order to investigate the role and mechanism of YW-LF in Breast Cancer, we treated MDA-MB-231 cells with YW-LF and without treatment. Then, we performed gene expression profiling analysis using RNA seq data from YW-LF and DMSO cells.